Neuro Flashcards
Primary motor cortex area
area 4
Primary sensory cortex area
3, 1, and 2
Primary visual cortex area
area 17, either side of calcarine sulcus on occipital lobe
primary auditory cortex area
area 41, transverse temproal gyrus
Anterior association area function
memory, planning, and higher-order concept formation
Posterior association area function
somatic sensory, visual and auditory perception and language
Premotor cortex function
Receives input from the sensory association cortex and basal ganglia and output to the motor cortex
Supplementary motor cortex function
- Planning of sequences of movement, coordination of sides of body.
- Active before movement and involved in initiation of motion. Lesions cause inability to initiate motions, called abulia.
Deficit in learned, skilled motor activity, in the absence of paralysis
Apraxia
Prefrontal cortex lesion would affect:
- Restraint (socially appropriate behavior)
- Initiative
- Order (perform sequencing tasks and other cognitive operations)
Prefrontal cortex divisions
- Dorsal (superior) prefrontal cortex
- Medial prefrontal cortex
- Ventral-orbitofrontal (or inferior) cortex
Dorsal (superior) prefrontal cortex function
Attentional processing, planning, rule learning and memory
. Medial prefrontal cortex and Ventral-orbitofrontal (or inferior) cortex function
Direct connections to the limbic system and provide the emotional component to the planned behavior
Psterior lobe/posterior association area function
Attention and in the awareness of self and extra-personal space
Process the position and movement of objects, people, or self in space.
Superior parietal lobule area and function
Area 5, mediates awareness of the existence and spatial relationships of body parts
right posterior parietal cortex function
Orients our attention in space (important for appreciating spatial relationships)
Supramarginal gyrus area and lesion result
Area 40, personal hemi-neglect
Angular gyrus area and lesion result
Area 39, spatial hemi-neglect
Constructional apraxia
Inability of patients to copy accurately drawings or three-dimensional constructions.
It is a common disorder after right parietal stroke.
Gerstmann’s sydrome cause and results
Caused by damage to dominant parietal lobe
It includes right-left confusion, difficulty with writing (agraphia) and difficulty with mathematics (acalculia).
It can also produce disorders of language (aphasia) and the inability to perceive objects normally (tactile agnosia).
Visual association area and function
Areas 18, 19
Gives meaning and interpretation to what we see
Wernicke’s area and function
Area 22, ‘sensory area’ concerned with understanding the spoken word
