Post-Absorptive Mechanisms

Question 1

Where is glucose utilised after being absorbed by the liver? (4)

Answer 1

1) Muscle 2) Brain

3) RBCs 4) Adipocytes

Question 2

What is Glucose’s pathway in the liver?

Answer 2

1) Converted into Glycogen
2) Into Acetyl-CoA
a) Krebs Cycle and ATP 2) TG –> VLDL

Question 3

Glucose usage in Muscle and Brain and RBC’s?

Answer 3

1) Muscle: Into Glycogen
2) Brain: Acetyl CoA –> Krebs –> ATP
3) RBCs: Into Pyruvate and Lactate

Question 4

Glucose usage in Adipocytes, AA and TG?

Answer 4

1) A: Into ATP and TG
2) AA: KC(ATP), Proteins (Reversible)
3) TG: TG + Protein –> Chylomicron –> Lymphatics

Question 5

How is excess fuel stored?

Answer 5

1) Triglycerides in adipose tissue

2) Glycogen in liver and muscle

Question 6

How do we source glucose in a short fast?

Answer 6

Glycogenolysis (Glucagon)

Question 7

What happens to fats during fasting?

Answer 7

TG bd in lipolysis into: (Glucagon)

1) Glycerol –> Glucose
2) Fatty Acids –> Ketones

Question 8

What happens in prolonged fasting?

Answer 8

1) Decreased GNG
2) Ketones used in brain
3) Fats broken down so glucose for RBCs

Question 9

Which of the 2 fuel metabolism hormones are anabolic?

Answer 9

Insulin

Question 10

What effect does Adrenaline have on fuel metabolism?

Answer 10

Glycogenolysis, GNG and lipolysis (F/F)

Question 11

What is the role of Leptin?

Answer 11

To suppress appetite

Question 12

What is the role of Ghrelin?

Answer 12

Increases before meals to stimulate appetite