Positive Inotropes Flashcards
for subcategories of positive inotropes
c_______ g______
c_________
b_______ d_______
m_______ d_______
cardiac glycosides
catecholamines
bipyridine derivatives
mixed dilator
what are glycosides derived from
dried leaves of digitalis (foxglove plant)
what subclass of positive inotropes inhibits ATPase
Cardiac Glycosides
what do cardiac glycosides make more of available to myocardial cells
calcium
what does increase calcium do to contractions
increases the strength of contractions
what do cardiac glycosides do to AV conduction time
prolongs it
cardiac glycosides increase what kind of stimulation
parasympathetic stimulation
four effects of cardiac glycosides:
i________ c________
d_______ h______ r_______
a_______ e_______
d________ d_______
improved contractility
decreased heart rate
antiarrhythmic effects
decreased dyspnea
three indications for cardiac glycosides:
c_____ h_____ f______
a_______ f_______
s_________ t________
congestive heart failure
atrial fibrillation
supraventricular tachycardia
atrial fibrillation
supraventricular tachycardia
four adverse effects of cardiac glycosides:
a_______
v________
d_________
a_________
anorexia
vomiting
diarrhea
arrhythmias
which positive inotrope are a group of sympathomimetic compounds
catecholamines
what two positive effects do catecholamines have
inotropic
chronotropic
how do catecholamines increase BP
peripheral vasoconstriction
what positive inotrope can increase blood glucose levels
catecholamines
catecholamines increase cardiac contractility by stimulating what two receptors
beta 1
dopamine
two indications for catecholamines:
c______ a_______
a________
cardiac arrest
anaphylaxis
what are catecholamines not used for
chronic heart failure
adverse effects of catecholamines:
h_______
a________
a_______
e________
hypertension
arrhythmias
anxiety
excitability
what class of positive inotropes are given IM admin and are only suitable for short term management for CHF
Bipyridine derivatives
which bipyridine derivative is given short term by IV
amrinone
which bipyridine derivative is given orally short term
milrinone
four mechanisms for action for mixed dilator inotropes
p________ i________
increases c_______ s________ of c_______ m_________
decreases a________ of p_________
m_______ v________ (a_______ and v______)
positive inotrope
increases calcium sensitivity of cardiac myofilaments
decreases activity of phosphodiesterase
mixed vasodilator (arteries and veins)
three indications for mixed dilator inotropes:
a____ i______
d______ c________ in d______
c_______ h_______ f_______
AV insufficiency
dilated cardiomyopathy in dogs
congestive heart failure
when is using mixed dilator inotropes contraindicated
any condition where increasing cardiac output is anatomically a bad idea
three adverse effects of mixed dilator inotropes
a________
l________
d_______
anorexia
lethargy
diarrhea
