positioning in peds Flashcards
Positioning
child cannot be excepted to particapate in school unless they are positioned appropriately
Balance and Equilibrium
Emerge later in infancy and remain
throughout life
Automatic responses:
1. Straightens & abducts arm and leg on
uphill side
2. Straightens arm/leg on downhill side,
extending limb towards ground
3. Rights head so it is straight up & down in relation to the ground
Spinal Abnormalities
Kyphosis
Lordosis
Scoliosis
Footstool
for children whose feet do not
reach the floor when they are seated
- Can prevent heel cord contractures
Wedge Seat
kids who have trouble sitting up straight in seat—low muscle tone or posterior pelvic tilt
Facilitates anterior pelvic tilt
Therapy Ball
Used with kids who squirm or bounce in their seats
T Stool
Works on refining balance
May be used instead of a chair for a
child who has difficulty keeping their
feet on the floor
Inflatable or Pellet-Filled Seat
Cover
May help maintain stability and attention while seated
Crescent-Shaped Pillow
Can support infant in sitting, supine
or side lying
Provides support at hips for sitting
Close adult supervision required
Beanbag Chair
Can be used with children who
have restricted movement to give
them a break from restricting
positioning devices
Can promote relaxation
Make sure the bean bag is not
promoting further deformities
Chairs that are a “better fit”
Can be used with children who have
mild physical disabilities or children with
ADHD
Cube chairs
Rifton chairs
Trip Trap chairs
Floor Sitter
Enables children with physical
disabilities to sit independently in
preschool tasks such as circle time
and floor playing
Can add additional supports as
needed
Corner Chairs
used with children who have fair
head control but have difficulty with trunk and upper extremity control
Corner back inhibits shoulder retraction
Promotes activity at midline
The pelvis
Position of the pelvis affects the spine,
head, and extremities
Attempt to get pelvis in neutral position
Practice:
Neutral
Anterior tilt
Posterior tilt
Lower Extremities
90-90-90
Supported feet
Tight hamstrings may need more
knee flexion
Trunk
Straight up and down
Proper alignment
May need lateral supports for poor
postural control
May need contoured seat
Head
Head needs to stay up and righted
Stabilized to avoid involuntary,
unwanted movements
Upper Extremities
Support at shoulders if child tends
to retract shoulders
Tray table—be aware of restraint
laws/guidelines
Skin Integrity
Fit needs to be proper, and change
with the child’s needs to protect skin
integrity
Tilting chair
Carefully chosen cushion
Good skin hygiene and monitoring
Pommel
Prevents adduction of hips
Maintains hips in neutral or slight
abduction
Place at distal part of knee
Do NOT place in the groin to
prevent sliding
Lateral Thigh Supports
Prevents excessive abduction of
hips
Can be counterpoint to control hip
external rotation
Lateral Pelvic Supports
Keeps hip and pelvis in center of
seat
Helps keep pelvis in vertical
position
Minimize asymmetry of trunk
Pelvic Belt
Has to cross the hip joint and
inferior and anterior superior iliac
spines
Controls hip extension
Can be placed at
Posterior Lumbar Support
Supports lumbar spine
Placed slightly below the posterior
iliac crests
