Pediatric Psychosocial Therapy

Question 1

Environmental Adaptations & Task
Analysis

Answer 1

Modify:
▫ Environment
▫ Activity demands
▫ Performance patterns
-Have materials ready and set up
-Use:
▫ Visual schedules
▫ Written instructions
▫ Checklists
▫ Involve the child in making if able

Question 2

Sensory Integration

Answer 2

Observable behaviors may be due to
decreased sensory arousal or poor sensory modulation
* Four As of sensory processing:
1. Arousal
2. Attention
3. Affect
4. Action

Question 3

Arousal

Answer 3

▫ State of alertness, wakefulness and/or
readiness
▫ Must have optimal state of arousal to learn
▫ Often referred to as “alert level” versus
“arousal”

Question 4

Attention

Answer 4

▫ Ability to focus selectively on a desired task
▫ Very strong visual component
▫ Visual attention varies between cultures

Question 5

Action

Answer 5

Motor planning
▫ Having an idea about what to do, planning the action, executing the action
* Imitation
* Demonstration
* Practice

Question 6

DIR/Floor Time

Answer 6

• Developmental, Individual Difference,
  Relationship model
• Greenspan
• Emphasizes the child’s:
  ▫ Functional-emotional processing
  ▫ Modulation
  ▫ Muscle tone
  ▫ Motor planning
  ▫ Sequencing
  ▫ Relationships & interactions with others

Question 7

6 functional social-emotional
developmental levels: of DIR/Floor Time

Answer 7

1. Regulation & interest in the world
2. Engagement
3. Intentional two-way communication
4. Complex problem-solving interactions
5. Elaborating ideas
6. Building bridges between ideas

Question 8

Social Stories

Answer 8

-Short story describing a situation, concept or social skill
1. Descriptive—fact-based statement
2. Directive—suggest an appropriate response
3. Perspective—describes feelings
4. Affirmative—share a common opinion or value

Question 9

Music and Listening Therapy

Answer 9

Speed up healing
▫ Improved immune system responses
▫ Increase endurance
▫ Decreased blood pressure and pulse rate
▫ Reduce anxiety
▫ Improve emotional state

Question 10

Groups

Answer 10

allow for positive peer interaction
* Sensory motor groups
* Task oriented groups
▫ Outcomes:
 Improved reality testing & thought processes
 Increased sense of self
 Increased sense of self-control
 Healthy coping strategies

Question 11

Behavior Modification

Answer 11

ABC Model
▫ A = Antecedent
▫ B = Behavior
▫ C = Consequence
* Behavior modification manipulates
antecedents and consequences in order to change the behavior

Question 12

Positive and Negative Reinforcement and punishment

Answer 12

▫ Increases behavior
▫ Presentation of something desired

▫ Increases behavior
▫ Removing something undesirable

▫ Decreases behavior
▫ Presentation of an aversive stimulus

Question 13

Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy

Answer 13

Individuals can change behavior by
changing the way they think
-Replacing negative perception with a
positive one

Question 14

Socratic method

Answer 14

▫ Talking through the observed behavior instead of immediately correcting
▫ Help child identify alternative solutions/behaviors

Question 15

Caregiver Training

Answer 15

Always provide education to the
family/caregivers
▫ Model activities
▫ Answer questions/encourage them to ask questions
▫ Be able to tell them how AND why
▫ Develop home program

Question 16

Operational Definition

Answer 16

Clearly defining the undesired behavior(s)
* HAS to be observable

Question 17

Gathering Baseline Data

Answer 17

• Determine if you are going to measure
  frequency or time then make a simple chart to collect either frequency or time of day