Normal Development

Question 1

Psychosocial Development in Early
Childhood

Answer 1

“Terrible twos”
– Autonomy versus shame and doubt (Erikson) with a
need to be autonomous
* 4 to 6 years
– Initiates activities in which behavior produces
successful, effective results; develops sense of consequences for own behavior and gender role
* Composed of two of Greenspan’s stages: creating emotional ideas and emotional thinking

Question 2

Physiologic Development in Middle
Childhood

Answer 2

Physical growth slows down.
* Girls tend to be taller than boys.
* Permanent teeth replace baby teeth;
* Digestive system matures;
* Change in position of eustachian tubes,
causing increased hearing acuity and fewer middle ear infections

Question 3

Motor Development in
Middle Childhood

Answer 3

Refinement of gross and fine motor skills
* Repetition to mastery to higher self-esteem
and peer acceptance
* Increased strength and endurance
* By 10 years, able to use cursive writing

Question 4

Language Development in
Middle Childhood

Answer 4

-Vocabulary expands
Puns and figures of speech
Socialized communication

Question 5

Psychosocial Development in Middle
Childhood

Answer 5

• social relationships outside family
• Own personal societies
• Feelings of security from peer group
• Able to empathize and understand feelings of others

Question 6

Physiologic Development
in Adolescence

Answer 6

Growth spurt
First signs of sexual development
Maturation differences between girls and boys

Question 7

Motor Development
During Adolescence

Answer 7

Increased muscle mass
* Increased dynamic strength
* Better running, jumping, and throwing skills
* Better motor coordination

Question 8

Language Development
During Adolescence

Answer 8

Manipulates language using codes, slang, and sarcasm
* Abstract use of language to debate or argue

Question 9

Adolescence and Egocentrism

Answer 9

Believe that others have similar thoughts to their thoughts
* “Imaginary audiences”
* “Personal fable

Question 10

Adolescence and Identity

Answer 10

Main goal is to find and understand his or her identity
* Combines past experiences with future
expectations
* Explores various occupations, develops basic work habits