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Portugal Flashcards

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Introductory Sommelier Exam (CMS) flashcards
1
Q

What do Feitoria and Rama mean in Portugal?

A

Between 1758 and 1761 the 335 best vineyards were classified as feitoria and marked with stones. Rama were the lesser vineyards and provided domestic wines.

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2
Q

What does Garrafeira mean?

A

‘Private Wine Cellar’

Reds - must age for a min of 30 months, incl 12 months in bottle

Whites/ Rosados - min 12 months and at least 6 months in bottle

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3
Q

Most widely planted red casta in Portugal?

A

Castelão

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4
Q

Grape synonym for Mencia in Portugal?

A

Jaen

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5
Q

Synonyms for Touriga Nacional?

A

Bical Tinto
Mortágua Preto

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6
Q

Name other red castas in Portugal?

A

Aragonez (Tinta Roriz/ Tempranillo)
Touriga Franca
Alfrocheiro
Trincadeira (Tinta Amarela)
Baga

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7
Q

Most widely planted white casta in Portugal?

A

Fernão Pires/ Mario Gomes in Bairrada

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8
Q

Bucelas main white grape?

A

Arinto

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9
Q

Main white grape in Alentejano?

A

Antão Vaz

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10
Q

What is Esgana Cão a synonym for?

A

Sercial
‘Dog strangler’

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11
Q

What’s the traditional training system called in Vinho Verde DOC?

A

Enforcado

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12
Q

What does Garrafeira Port refer to?

A

Pioneered by Niepoort.
Wines that are aged in cask for at least 4 years, maximum 8 years, with an additional minimum 15 years in a glass container.

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13
Q

What does reserva mean on a Portuguese label?

A

Table wines - Indicated an alcohol content of at least .5% higher than the legal minimum established by the respective DOP or IGP.

Traditional method sparkling wines - reserva means a minimum period of 12 months on the lees prior to degorgement.

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14
Q

What are the subzones of Vinho Verde DOP?

A

Monção e Melgaço
Lima
Cávado
Basto
Ave
Amarante
Sousa
Baião
Paiva

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15
Q

White grapes Vinho Verde DOP?

A

Loureiro
Trajadura
Avesso
Pedernã (Arinto)
Alvarinho

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16
Q

Red castas Vinho Verde DOP?

A

Vinhão
Espadeiro
Borraçal
Alvarelhão

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17
Q

What are the subregions of Trás-os-Montes DOP?

A

Chaves
Valpaços
Planalto Mirandés

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18
Q

Red grapes of Transmontano VR?

A

Touriga Nacional
Tinta Roriz
Bastardo/ Trousseau
Touriga Francesa
Trincadeira

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19
Q

White grapes of Transmontano VR?

A

Fernão Pires
Síria
Viosinho
Gouveio
Malvasia Fina
Rabigato

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20
Q

What are the DOP’s of Duriense VR?

A

Douro
Porto

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21
Q

Name the two mountain ranges in the Douro Valley?

A

Marão Mountains
Montemuro Mountains

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22
Q

Name subzones of Douro.

A

Baixo Corgo (west)
Cima Corgo
Douro Superior

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23
Q

Main white castas in Douro?

A

Malvasia Fina
Viosinho
Rabigato
Gouveio

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24
Q

Main red castas in Douro?

A

Touriga Nacional
Touriga Franca
Tinta Roriz
Tinta Cão
Tinta Barroca

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25
Q

Which grape in the Douro is commonly used for fortified wine?

A

Moscatel Galego

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26
Q

In the Douro, what does reserva mean?

A

Reserva wines must achieve a min alcohol of 11.5% for white/ rosado and 12% for red.
White reserva wine must be aged for 6 months and red reserva wine must be aged for 1 year.

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27
Q

What does grande reserva mean in Douro?

A

Reserva wines that score exceptionally well in blind tasting analysis may use the term grande reserva.

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28
Q

What are the terms for sparkling and late harvest wines in Douro?

A

Espumanto de Douro
Colheita Tardia

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29
Q

Who launched Barca Velha in Douro?

A

A table wine project started in 1952 by Casa Ferreirinha.

Project launched in Douro Superior near Spanish border.

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30
Q

Name other Port houses that produce table wines.

A

Niepoort
Quinta do Crasto
Ramos Pinto

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31
Q

What is the DOP of Transmontano VR?

A

Trás-os-Montes DOP

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32
Q

Province of Beiras is divided in which 4 IGP’s?

A

Terras do Dão
Terras de Cister
Terras da Beira
Beira Atlântico

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33
Q

Which DOP’s are part of Terras do Dão IGP?

A

Dão
Lafões

Borders Minho to the north

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34
Q

Which DOP houses in Beira Atlântico IGP?

A

Bairrada DOP

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35
Q

DOP of Terras de Cister IGP?

A

Távora-Varosa DOP

Famous for sparkling wine production

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36
Q

DOP of Terras da Beira IGP?

A

Beira Interior DOP

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37
Q

Recommended white grapes for Dão?

A

Encruzado
Bical
Cercial

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38
Q

Describe topography and soils of Dão.

A

Sheltered by three mountain ranges, protected from harsh winds of the continental interior, yet insulated from wet, cool maritime weather from the coast.

Soils are granitic. Altitude is in between 400 and 500 metres.

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39
Q

Portugal’s highest mountain?

A

Serra da Estrela

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40
Q

Recommended red grapes Dão?

A

Touriga Nacional
Jaen
Touriga Franca
Alfrocheiro
Aragonez
Bastardo
Rufete
Trincadeira
Tinta Cão

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41
Q

Dão Garrafeira means what?

A

Standard ageing regimen.
Minimum abv is increased to 11.5% (from 11%).

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42
Q

In Dão, when can wines be labelled as reserva?

A

Whites aged for a min of 6 months.
Reds aged for a min of 2 years.

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43
Q

When can Dão wine be labelled nobre?

A

Reds-
Min 15% Touriga Nacional and max 85% combined Jaen, Rufete, Alfrocheiro and Aragonez.
Min. 13% alcohol.
Aged for a min of 3 years.

Whites-
Min. 15% Encruzado and max 85% Cercial, Bical, Malvasia Fina and Verdelho.
Min. 12% alcohol.
Aged for a min of 1 year.

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44
Q

Dão Nobre Reserva ageing requirements?

A

Reds - 42 months
Whites - 1 year

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45
Q

Ageing requirements Dão Nobre Garrafeira?

A

Reds- 48 months, incl 18 months in bottle

Whites- 18 months, with 9 in the bottle

46
Q

Main red grape Bairrada DOP?

A

Baga

47
Q

In which Bairrada soils does Baga thrive?

A

In barros/ clay soils

48
Q

Main white grapes of Bairrada DOP?

A

Maria Gomes
Arinto

49
Q

Name the three DOP’s nearest to Lisbon.

A

Bucelas
Colares
Carcavelos

50
Q

What does vinho abafado mean in Carcavelos?

A

The wines are fermented dry, then fortified and sweetened with vinho abafado, a partially fermented must preserved with alcohol.

51
Q

What’s Arribes’s Brunal called in Portugal?

A

Alfrocheiro

52
Q

Name DO’s of Lisboa IGP

A

Bucelas
Carcavelos
Colares
Arruda
Torres Vedras
Alenquer
Óbidos
Lourinhã
Encostas d’Aire

53
Q

What is aguardiente?

A

‘Burning water’ - a type of distilled alcoholic spirit that contains between 29% and 60% alcohol by volume (ABV). Made with oranges, grapes, bananas, barley, rice or beet, potato, etc.

54
Q

Styles and grapes of Colares DO?

A

Branco - Malvasia
Tinto - Ramisco

55
Q

Two soil types in Colares?

A

Chão de areia - sand - mainly Ramisco

Chão rija - hard soil - Castelão

56
Q

Style and grapes of Carcavelos DO?

A

Vinho Licoroso (fortified): Tinto, Branco

Tinto - Castelão and Preto Martinho (Negra Mole)

Branco - Arinto, Ratinho and Galego Dourado

57
Q

Name the DO’s of Península de Setúbal.

A

Setúbal
Palmela

58
Q

Two rivers that form estuaries in Peninsula de Setubal?

A

Tejo
Sado

59
Q

What are two distinct areas of Palmela DOP?

A

Low lying sandy plains - Castelão

Clay-limestone lower slopes of Arrabida Mountains

60
Q

Styles and grapes in Palmela DOP?

A

White, rose, red, sparkling and sweet.

Whites are typically blended with a high proportion of Fernão Pires and Arinto.

A minimum of 66.7% Castelão is required for the reds.

61
Q

Style/ Styles and grapes of Setubal DOP?

A

Licoroso.

White: min. 67% Moscatel Graúdo (Moscatel de Setubal/ Muscat of Alexandria).

Red: min. 67% Moscatel Galego Roxo.

62
Q

What does torna viagem refer to?

A

‘Return trip’ - journey by ship in the tropics

63
Q

Name 3 geographical features in Peninsula de Setubal.

A

Tagus River
Sado River
Serra da Arrábida hill range

64
Q

Name a famous producer of Moscatel in Setubal.

A

J.M. da Fonseca

65
Q

Grape synonym of Fernão Pires?

A

Maria Gomes

66
Q

What’s the DO within Tejo IGP?

A

DoTejo DOP

67
Q

Styles in DoTejo DO?

A

Branco
Tinto
Rosado
Espumante
Licoroso

68
Q

Main white grape in DoTejo DO?

A

Fernão Pires

69
Q

Main red grape in DoTejo DO?

A

Castelão

70
Q

Where could I find Portalegre?

A

In Alentejo DOP within Alentejano IGP

71
Q

What’s the DO of Alentejano IGP?

A

Alentejo DOP

72
Q

Most prominent grape of Alentejo DOP?

A

The red casta Trincadeira

73
Q

What are Quercus suber?

A

Cork trees

74
Q

Where are cork trees widely planted?

A

In Alentejano IGP.

75
Q

Communes of production in Setubal and Palmela DOP’s?

A

Setubal
Palmela
Montijo
Castelo (a village in the commune of Sesimbra)

76
Q

Subzones of DoTejo DOP?

A

Almeirim
Cartaxo
Chamusca
Coruche
Santarém
Tomar

77
Q

What are the DOP zones of Algarve?

A

Lagos
Lagoa
Portimão
Tavira

78
Q

What are the prominent red castas in Algarve?

A

Castelão
Tinta Negra Mole

79
Q

What are the traditional white castas in Algarve?

A

Arinto
Síria

80
Q

What are the DOP zones of the Açores?

A

Pico
Graciosa
Terceira
Biscoitos on Island of Terceira

81
Q

Describe the fortified wines of Pico DOP.

A

They must achieve a minimum of 16% abv after fortification and are aged for a minimum two years in barrel.

82
Q

Which varietals are authorized for production in Pico, Biscoitos and Graciosa?

A

Verdelho
Arinto
Terrantez

83
Q

Name the two DO’s of IGP Terras Madeirenses.

A

Madeira
Madeirense

84
Q

Where are the unfortified wines made in Terras Madeirenses?

A

Madeirense DO.

85
Q

Name the two islands of Terras Madeirenses IGP.

A

Madeira
Porto Santo

86
Q

What is Arinto known for in Vinho Verde?

A

Pedernã

87
Q

Grape synonym for Boal?

A

Malvasia Fina

88
Q

Name prominent tributaries of Douro.

A

Pinhão
Tua
Roncão
Gontelho
Corgo

89
Q

What is quinta?

A

A wine farm in Douro where grapes are grown and vinified.

90
Q

Main viticultural hazards in Douro?

A

Rain during fruit set
Drought
Erosion

91
Q

Who produces Charme in Douro?

A

Niepoort

92
Q

Red and white grapes Lisboa IGP?

A

Red - Caladoc, Castelão, Syrah, Aragonês

White - Fernão Pires

93
Q

Name a famous producer in Bairrada.

A

Luís Pato.

94
Q

Describe Baga as a wine style in Bairrada.

A

High acids and high tannins.
Sometimes compared to Nebbiolo from Piemonte.

95
Q

Wine styles of Bairrada?

A

Vinho Branco I Rosado I Tinto
Espumante
Licoroso

96
Q

Grapes for Bairrada Tinto?

A

Alfrocheiro
Aragonez
Baga
Bastardo
Castelão
Etc.

97
Q

Main white grapes Bairrada?

A

Arinto (Pedernã)
Bical
Cercial

98
Q

Main soil type in Dão?

A

Granite

99
Q

Capital of Dão?

A

Viseu

100
Q

Dão sits in between two mountains. Name the two mountains.

A

Serra do Caramulo shields the region from the Atlantic and the Serra da Estrela protects it in the southeast.

101
Q

True or false - the wines from both Bairrada and Dão are characterised by real structure and freshness.

A

True

102
Q

Where could I find Quinta dos Roques/ Quinta das Maias, Quinta da Pellada/ Quinta de Saes and Casa da Passarella?

A

In Dão.

103
Q

Name 3 producers in Alentejo.

A

Co-op CARMIM in Reguengos
Esporão
São Miguel

104
Q

Which region produces Talha wine?

A

Alentejo.
Wines fermented and aged in a large clay pot of the same name.

105
Q

Main white grapes Alentejo?

A

Antão Vaz (tropical fruit scented)
Roupeiro
Arinto

106
Q

Main red grapes of Alentejo?

A

Aragonês
Trincadeira
Alicante Bouschet

107
Q

Four main sub’s of Alentejo?

A

Borba
Redondo
Reguengos
Vidigueira

108
Q

Centre for sparkling wine production in Portugal?

A

Bairrada

109
Q

Name a principal producer in Alentejo?

A

Esporão

110
Q

Subzones of Dao?

A

Alva
Besteiros
Castendo
Serra da Estrela
Silgueiros
Terras da Azurara
Terras de Senhorím

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