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1
Q

What are the grapes for Marsala Ambra and Oro?

A

Grillo
Cataratto
Inzolia (Ansonica)
Damaschino

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2
Q

What are the grapes for Marsala Rubino?

A

Perricone
Calabrese (Nero d’Avola)
Nerello Mascalese

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3
Q

What is the ageing requirement for Marsala Superiore?

A

2 years

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4
Q

What is the ageing requirement for Marsala Superiore Riserva?

A

4 Years

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5
Q

What is the ageing requirement for Marsala Vergine?

A

5 Years

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6
Q

What is the ageing requirement for Marsala Vergine Stravecchio?

A

10 Years

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7
Q

What are two principal ingredients for Vermouth?

A

Wine
Wormwood - bitter base ingredient

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8
Q

What are the two principal ingredients of Quinquinas?

A

Wine
Chinchona bark (contains bitter tasting quinine)

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9
Q

What is Lillet Blanc?

A

From Podensac, Gironde.
Wine is from Bordeaux. Sauvignon Blanc and Semillon grapes are used. Macerated with citrus fruit - sweet oranges from Spain, bitter oranges from Haiti, green oranges from Morocco and quinine from Peru.

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10
Q

What are the principal ingredients of Americanos?

A

Wine
Gentian herbs

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11
Q

What is Chinato?

A

Vermouths that have been enriched with quinine and gentian. E.g. Barolo Chinato.

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12
Q

What is the ageing requirement for Barolo Chinato?

A

One year in oak barrels.

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13
Q

Name principal Vermouth producers.

A

Punt E Mes - Italy
Cocchi - Italy
Dolin - France
Noilly Prat - southern France

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14
Q

What are the grapes used for Pineau des Charentes?

A

W - Ugni Blanc, Folle Blanche and Colombard
R - Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot

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15
Q

Minimum ageing requirement for Pineau des Charentes?

A

8 months in wood.
W - 18
R - 14

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16
Q

What are the ageing requirements for Vieux Pineau and Tres Vieux Pineau?

A

> 5 years
10 years

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17
Q

What are the grapes for Floc de Gascogne?

A

Colombard
Ugni Blanc
Gros Manseng
Cabernet F.
Cabernet S.
Merlot

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18
Q

What styles are allowed in Muscat de Frontignan?

A

VDN
VDL

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19
Q

What is the minimum RS in Muscat de Frontignan VDN?

A

110 g/L

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20
Q

What’s the minimum alcohol in Muscat AOC’s in Languedoc?

A

15% abv actual/ acquired

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21
Q

Style in Muscat de Mireval?

22
Q

Minimum RS for Muscat de St Jean de Minervois?

23
Q

What are the grapes for Banyuls AOP VDN wines?

A

Grenache Blanc
Grenache Gris
Grenache Noir
Macabeu
Tourbat

24
Q

What is the minimum RS for Banyuls VDN?

25
Q

What is the ageing requirement for Banyuls Blanc and Banyuls Rimage?

A

Wines may not be released until May 1 of the year following the harvest, including a minimum of 3 months in bottle.

26
Q

What is Banyuls Rimage?

A

Vintage dated VDN

27
Q

What is the ageing requirement for Ambré and Traditionnel Banyuls?

A

Wines may not be released until March 1 of the third year following harvest.
Traditionnel is rouge.

28
Q

What is the ageing requirement for Banyuls Hors d’Age?

29
Q

What is the ageing requirement for Banyuls Grand Cru AOP?

A

Min 30 months in barrel, not to be released until June 1 of the third year following harvest.

30
Q

Styles of Banyuls Grand Cru AOP?

A

VDN rouge only
Based on minimum of 75% Grenache Noir

31
Q

Name a principal producer of Banyuls VDN.

A

Cellier des Templiers

32
Q

What is the ageing requirement for Maury Blanc and Grenat?

A

Wines must be bottled no later than June 30 of the second year following the harvest, and may not be released until at least May 1 of the year following the harvest.

33
Q

What is the ageing requirement for Maury Ambré and Tuilé?

A

Wines are aged in glass or other sealed containers, and may not be released until March 1 of the third year following harvest.

34
Q

How long do Maury Hors d’Age wines need to age?

A

Min 5 years in glass or other sealed containers

35
Q

What is the ageing requirement for VDN Ambré and Tuilé in Rivesaltes AOP?

A

Wines must be aged in an oxidative environment and released on September 1 of the second (!) year following the harvest year.

36
Q

What is the minimum RS for Muscat de Rivesaltes AOP?

37
Q

What are the grapes of Muscat de Rivesaltes AOP?

A

Muscat Blanc à Petits Grains
Muscat d’Alexandria

38
Q

What is the ageing requirement for Ambré and Tuilé in Rasteau AOP?

A

Wines may not be released until March 1 of the third year following the harvest.

39
Q

What are the styles of Muscat de Beaumes de Venise AOP?

A

VDN blanc
VDN rosé
VDN rouge

40
Q

What’s a synonym for Moscatel de Setúbal?

A

Muscat d’Alexandria
Moscatel Graúdo

41
Q

What are the styles and grapes of Moscatel de Setúbal?

A

Licoroso Branco - min. 67% Muscat of Alexandria
Licoroso Tinto - min 67% Moscatel Galego Roxo

42
Q

What’s the minimum alcohol for Moscatel de Setúbal?

43
Q

What’s the minimum ageing requirement for Moscatel de Setúbal?

44
Q

What are the styles and grapes of Commandaria PDO?

A

Raisin wine
Fortified wine

Xynestri used for whites
Mavro used for reds

45
Q

What is the ageing requirement for Commandaria?

A

2 Years in oak barrels.

46
Q

When is Commandaria fortified?

A

Wine is fortified following completion of fermentation. Altitude requirement is 400-900 metres.

47
Q

What is the min RS of Vino Dulce Natural PX and Moscatel?

A

PX - 272 g/L
Moscatel - 160 g/L

48
Q

What is the ageing requirement of Montilla Moriles Vino Generoso?

A

Min 2 years in oak (solera).

49
Q

What are the grapes of Montilla Moriles?

A

PX, Airén, Verdejo, Moscatel, Torrontés

50
Q

What are the styles of Montilla Moriles?

A

Vino Generoso (not always fortified)
Vino Dulce Natural (fortified)
Blanco

51
Q

Describe Soleo process.

A

Grapes are dried on esparto mats for a period of up to 20 days. The dry mountain climate lowers the risk of problems when sun-drying the grapes.

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