Fortified Flashcards by Thomas Groeneveld

What are the grapes for Marsala Ambra and Oro?

Grillo
Cataratto
Inzolia (Ansonica)
Damaschino

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What are the grapes for Marsala Rubino?

Perricone
Calabrese (Nero d’Avola)
Nerello Mascalese

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What is the ageing requirement for Marsala Superiore?

2 years

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What is the ageing requirement for Marsala Superiore Riserva?

4 Years

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What is the ageing requirement for Marsala Vergine?

5 Years

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What is the ageing requirement for Marsala Vergine Stravecchio?

10 Years

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What are two principal ingredients for Vermouth?

Wine
Wormwood - bitter base ingredient

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What are the two principal ingredients of Quinquinas?

Wine
Chinchona bark (contains bitter tasting quinine)

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What is Lillet Blanc?

From Podensac, Gironde.
Wine is from Bordeaux. Sauvignon Blanc and Semillon grapes are used. Macerated with citrus fruit - sweet oranges from Spain, bitter oranges from Haiti, green oranges from Morocco and quinine from Peru.

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What are the principal ingredients of Americanos?

Wine
Gentian herbs

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What is Chinato?

Vermouths that have been enriched with quinine and gentian. E.g. Barolo Chinato.

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What is the ageing requirement for Barolo Chinato?

One year in oak barrels.

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Name principal Vermouth producers.

Punt E Mes - Italy
Cocchi - Italy
Dolin - France
Noilly Prat - southern France

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What are the grapes used for Pineau des Charentes?

W - Ugni Blanc, Folle Blanche and Colombard
R - Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot

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Minimum ageing requirement for Pineau des Charentes?

8 months in wood.
W - 18
R - 14

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What are the ageing requirements for Vieux Pineau and Tres Vieux Pineau?

> 5 years
10 years

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What are the grapes for Floc de Gascogne?

Colombard
Ugni Blanc
Gros Manseng
Cabernet F.
Cabernet S.
Merlot

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What styles are allowed in Muscat de Frontignan?

VDN
VDL

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What is the minimum RS in Muscat de Frontignan VDN?

110 g/L

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What’s the minimum alcohol in Muscat AOC’s in Languedoc?

15% abv actual/ acquired

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Style in Muscat de Mireval?

VDN only

Minimum RS for Muscat de St Jean de Minervois?

125 g/L

What are the grapes for Banyuls AOP VDN wines?

Grenache Blanc
Grenache Gris
Grenache Noir
Macabeu
Tourbat

What is the minimum RS for Banyuls VDN?

45 g/L

What is the ageing requirement for Banyuls Blanc and Banyuls Rimage?

Wines may not be released until May 1 of the year following the harvest, including a minimum of 3 months in bottle.

What is Banyuls Rimage?

Vintage dated VDN

What is the ageing requirement for Ambré and Traditionnel Banyuls?

Wines may not be released until March 1 of the third year following harvest. Traditionnel is rouge.

What is the ageing requirement for Banyuls Hors d’Age?

5 Years

What is the ageing requirement for Banyuls Grand Cru AOP?

Min 30 months in barrel, not to be released until June 1 of the third year following harvest.

Styles of Banyuls Grand Cru AOP?

VDN rouge only Based on minimum of 75% Grenache Noir

Name a principal producer of Banyuls VDN.

Cellier des Templiers

What is the ageing requirement for Maury Blanc and Grenat?

Wines must be bottled no later than June 30 of the second year following the harvest, and may not be released until at least May 1 of the year following the harvest.

What is the ageing requirement for Maury Ambré and Tuilé?

Wines are aged in glass or other sealed containers, and may not be released until March 1 of the third year following harvest.

How long do Maury Hors d’Age wines need to age?

Min 5 years in glass or other sealed containers

What is the ageing requirement for VDN Ambré and Tuilé in Rivesaltes AOP?

Wines must be aged in an oxidative environment and released on September 1 of the second (!) year following the harvest year.

What is the minimum RS for Muscat de Rivesaltes AOP?

100 g/L

What are the grapes of Muscat de Rivesaltes AOP?

Muscat Blanc à Petits Grains Muscat d’Alexandria

What is the ageing requirement for Ambré and Tuilé in Rasteau AOP?

Wines may not be released until March 1 of the third year following the harvest.

What are the styles of Muscat de Beaumes de Venise AOP?

VDN blanc VDN rosé VDN rouge

What’s a synonym for Moscatel de Setúbal?

Muscat d’Alexandria Moscatel Graúdo

What are the styles and grapes of Moscatel de Setúbal?

Licoroso Branco - min. 67% Muscat of Alexandria Licoroso Tinto - min 67% Moscatel Galego Roxo

What’s the minimum alcohol for Moscatel de Setúbal?

16%

What’s the minimum ageing requirement for Moscatel de Setúbal?

18 months

What are the styles and grapes of Commandaria PDO?

Raisin wine Fortified wine Xynestri used for whites Mavro used for reds

What is the ageing requirement for Commandaria?

2 Years in oak barrels.

When is Commandaria fortified?

Wine is fortified following completion of fermentation. Altitude requirement is 400-900 metres.

What is the min RS of Vino Dulce Natural PX and Moscatel?

PX - 272 g/L Moscatel - 160 g/L

What is the ageing requirement of Montilla Moriles Vino Generoso?

Min 2 years in oak (solera).

What are the grapes of Montilla Moriles?

PX, Airén, Verdejo, Moscatel, Torrontés

What are the styles of Montilla Moriles?

Vino Generoso (not always fortified) Vino Dulce Natural (fortified) Blanco

Describe Soleo process.

Grapes are dried on esparto mats for a period of up to 20 days. The dry mountain climate lowers the risk of problems when sun-drying the grapes.