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WSET Level 4 Diploma D3 > Portugal > Flashcards

Portugal Flashcards

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1
Q

When was the vine first planted in Portugal and where?

A

2000BCE.
the Tagus and Sado Valleys by the Tartessians (Tejo / Península de Setúbal VR)

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2
Q

When was the the Treaty of Windsor?

A

1386

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3
Q

When was the Methuen Treaty?

A

1703

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4
Q

When did the Phylloxera hit Portugal?

A

1867

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5
Q

What are the 2 most successful brands launched in 1940s?

A

Mateus Rose in 1942
Lancer Rose in 1944

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6
Q

What was the event in the mid-1970 to return to democracy?

A

The Carnation Revolution

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7
Q

When did Portugal join the EU?

A

1986

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8
Q

Where would you find the fertile Alluvial soils?

A

Tejo

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9
Q

What are the top 5 varieties planted in Portugal?

A

Aragonez, Tinta Roriz (Dao/Douro) - Tempranillo
Touriga Franca
Touriga Nacional
Fernao Pires / Maria Gomes
Castelao

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10
Q

What are the categories of geographical indications?

A
  • DOC/ DOP
  • VR
  • Vinho
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11
Q

What is the climate of Vinho Verde?

A

a moderate maritime climate with high rain fall

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12
Q

What is the soils of Vinho Verde?

A

granitic bedrock with a shallow topsoil of decomposed granite with a sandy texture

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13
Q

What are warmer and drier subregions of Vinho Verde?

A

Baião
Monção e Melgaço
- Avesso does well here

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14
Q

What are the common diseases in Vinho Verde?

A

fungal diseases including rot and mildew

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15
Q

What are the common modern trellising systems?

A
  • single or double Guyot
  • VSP
  • lyre
    all are trained relatively high from the ground to increase air circulation and reduce the chance of rot
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16
Q

What are the most planted grapes in Vinho Verde?

A
  • Loureiro (mid-ripening)
  • Alvarinho (traditionally grown in the north - Monção e Melgaço)
  • Pederna (Arinto) (mid-ripening)
  • Avesso (late-ripening) (needs warmer drier conditions - Baião)
  • Trajadura (Treixadura in Spain)

Red
- Vinhao (Sousão in Douro, Souson in Galicia)

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17
Q

Moncao e Melgaco

A

single variety Alvarinho
only sub appelation to have Alvarinho labelled
min 11.5%
min 30% Alvarinho - otherwise Minho VR

18
Q

How much Alvarinho is required for Moncao e Melgaco sub-region?

A

30%

19
Q

Is irrigation allowed in Douro?

A

Yes, since 2019

20
Q

What is the benefit of fermenting wine in lagares?

A

Can be easier to monitor the level of extraction in an open lagar than a closed tank

21
Q

What are the fermentation temperature for red Douro wines?

A

relatively low (24-28C / 75-82F), to allow greater control over tannin extraction

22
Q

What are the main grapes of Douro DOP?

A

Red: Touriga Franca, Touriga Nacional, Sousao
White: Viosinho, Ragigato, Gouveio (Godello), Moscatel Galego Branco (Muscat Blanc a Petits Grains)

Tinta Roriz (Tempranillo) Tinta Barrocca, Tinta Cao (D5)

23
Q

What is the climate of Dao?

A

surrounded by mountains - protect from Atlantic (west), arid conditions (east).

Mediterranean, warm dry summers, mild winters

rainfall relatively high (1600mm west, 1100 east, autumn/winter)

24
Q

What are the soils of Dao?

A

Granite with sandy or loamy texture (low organics, free draining (water stress))

25
Q

Main grapes of Dao?

A

80% Red

Touriga Nacional
Tina Roriz
Jaen (Mencia)
Alfrocheiro

White
Encruzado

26
Q

What are the main grapes of Bairrada?

A

Red (2/3) ; Baga (famously used for Mateus Rose - focus on quality now)

White: Maria Gomes (Fernao Pires), Bical, Arinto, Cercial

Internationals allowed: SB, Chard.

27
Q

What is the best soils for Baga?

A

limestone-clay

28
Q

Does Baga ripen early or later?

A

late-ripening

29
Q

What is the climate of Alentejo?

A

Mediterranean, with hot dry summers and mild winters

drip irrigation widely used. gets drier further south 800 -> 500mm

30
Q

What are the soils of Alentejo?

A

a wide range; granite, schist and limestone with textures that range from sand to clay

31
Q

What are the main grapes of Alentejo?

A

75%
Red: Aragonez, Alicante Bouschet, Trincadeira, Touriga Nacional, Syrah, CS (declining), Petit Verdot (increasing)

White: Roupeiro, Arinto, Antao Vaz, Chard, Viognier
other local internationals too, Alvarinho increasing!

32
Q

What are the main grapes of Alenquer and the styles?

A

Touriga Nacional and Aragonez
Full bodied reds. Many other varieties grown. Still finding path.

33
Q

What is the main grape of Bucelas DOC and the styles?

A

Arinto (75% of blend)
Range of styles.

34
Q

What is the climate and soils of Colares?

A

the cool, foggy, coastal climate, and ungrafted old bush vines on the deep, phylloxera-free sandy soils

Lisbon suburbs - cool trendy, lesser known local grapes

35
Q

What are the rivers run through Penninsula de Setubal?

A

the Tejo and Sado rivers

36
Q

What are the DOP of Peninsuala de Setubal?

A
  • Palmela DOP
  • Setubal DOP
37
Q

What are the main red and white varieties of Palmela?

A

Red: min 67.7% Castelao
White: Fernao Pires, Arinto, Moscatel

38
Q

What is the name of the river in Tejo?

A

the Tejo River (River Tagus)

39
Q

What is the climate of Tejo??

A

a Medeterranean climate with hot, dry summers and mild, wet winters

variance over region:
north - more rainfall
river - mainly white wines, fertile soils, vigour controlled
south - driest hottest, poor sandy soils

40
Q

What are the soils of Tejo?

A
  • clay-limestone and schist soils in the north
  • fertile alluvial soils around the river
  • sandy soils in the south
41
Q

From roughly north - south, what are the important VR’s

A

Minho VR
Duriense VR
Beira Atlantico VR
Terras do Dao VR
Lisboa VR
Tejo VR
Alentejano VR
Peninsula de Setubal VR

WSET Level 4 Diploma D3 (31 decks)

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