France - South West Flashcards
What are the styles of wines Bergerac make?
Dry and sweet white, rosé and red wines. 50% of production
is red wine, just over 10% is rosé, and just under 40% white.
What are the soils of Bergerac?
Limestone and clay with some gravel
What are the red varieties of Bergerac? Specifically for Bergerac AOC?
At least two of Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc, Malbec, and Merlot. 50% of the final wine from these two.
What is the style of wines Monbazillac make?
Sweet white wines by botrytis or simply late harvest
What is the principal varieties of Monbazillac?
Sauvignon Blanc, Sauvignon Gris, Semillon, and Muscadelle
What is the maximum yield of Monbazillac?
30 hl/ha
What are the rivers run through Cahors?
The River Lot runs into the River Garonne
What are the variety requirements of Cahors? What is the local synonym?
a min 70% Malbec (only AOP in France), plus Merlot and/or Tannat. Cot
What are the soils of Cahors?
By the River Lot, alluvial soils
Mid slope: poor soils
the highest plateau: 350m, low nutrient limestone soils
What is the most common training system in Cahors?
The single Guyot
What are the tasting notes of Malbec from Cahors?
- deep ruby in color
- medium to pronounced levels of violet, red and black plum fruit
- medium to medium (+) acidity
- medium (+) to high tannin
- good to outstanding quality
- mid to premium priced
Is destemming required in Cahors?
Yes, to eliminate underripe stems that could add aggressive tannins
What are the winemaking process of Cahors?
- destemming
- early consumption: using Merlot in the blend: 7-10 days on the skins for limited extraction of tannins
- wines intend to bottle age: 15-25 days on the skins for greater extraction of flavor and tannins.
- the higher quality wines are often matured in oak
What are the soils of Madiran?
- On the slopes: mainly clay and limestone with good drainage
- On the flatter land, clay and loam soils, resulting wines are less tannic and can be drunk earlier
What are the tasting notes of Tannat?
- deep ruby in color
- pronounced aromas
- flavors of blackberry and blackcurrant plus oak flavors
- high tannins
- high acidity
- full body
- medium to high alcohol
- very good to outstanding quality
- mid to premium priced
What are the variety requirements for Madiran?
60-80 % Tannat, blended with Cab Franc, Cab Sauv and /or local black variety Fer (also known as Fer Servadou)
What are the training system for Madiran?
Cordon de Royat or a cane-replacement system
Tannat is vigorous, best supported on trellis.
Does grapes of Madiran have to be destemmed?
Yes, to reduce the extraction of further tannins
Who developed the technique of micro-oxygenation?
Patrick Ducournau, 1991
What is the minimum ageing of Madiran?
The wine can be sold to consumers from the November 1st in the year following harvest
What % of production are medium-sweet or sweet and dry in Jurancon?
- medium-sweet or sweet:70%
- dry: 30%
What are the styles of wines produced in Jurancon?
- Jurancon Vendanges Tardives
- Juranson (medium-sweet)
- Juranson Sec (dry)
What are the tasting notes of Jurancon Vendanges Tardives?
- intense aroma
- flavors of lemon and mango
- high acidity
- alcohol between the top end of medium and high with a full body
- very good to outstanding in quality
- mid-priced to premium in price
What is the climate of Jurancon?
a mild, humid climate with relatively high annual rainfall about 1200mm
What are the principal varieties of Jurancon?
Gros Manseng and Petit Manseng
What are the soils of Jurancon?
a mixture of limestone, sand, clay and stones
What is passerillage?
over-ripe grapes have been dried on the vine
Does Petit Manseng bud and ripen early or later?
early budding and mid-late ripening
Why is Petit Manseng suitable for late harvesting?
It has thick skins and is resistant to botrytis bunch rot
What are the maximum yield of Jurancon wines?
- Sec: 60 hl/ha
- Jurancon: 40 hl/ha
- Vendanges Tardives: 40 hl/ha
What is the minimum residual sugar of Jurancon VT?
55 g/l, no enrichment allowed
When Jurancon Vendanges Tardives can be picked?
May not be harvested earlier than November 2
