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WSET Level 4 Diploma D3 > California > Flashcards

California Flashcards

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1
Q

What % of production California account for the total production of USA?

A

80%

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2
Q

When was gold rush?

A

1849

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3
Q

When was prohibition?

A

1920 - 1933

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4
Q

What was contributions of Andre Tchelistcheff?

A
  • temperature-controlled fermentation
  • better hygiene of the winery
  • techniques to prevent various diseases and frost damage
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5
Q

When was the judgement of Paris?

A

1976

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6
Q

What were the wines won the judgement of Paris?

A

1973 Stag’s Leap Wine Cellars Cabernet Sauvignon
1973 Chateau Montelena Chardonnay

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7
Q

What is the popular rootstock in Calfornia?

A

AXR1

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8
Q

What are the 2 key influences on climate in Califormia?

A

The cold Pacific Ocean
The ranges of mounrains

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9
Q

What are the threat in California vineyards?

A

Pierce disases
frost
drought

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10
Q

What is the organization for sustainability program?

A

The California Winegrowing Alliance

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11
Q

What are the certification programs?

A
  • Napa Green Winery
  • Sonoma County Winegrowers
  • Lodi Rules
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12
Q

Why organic certifications are less common in California?

A

there must have been no addition of SO2 in the winemaking process

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13
Q

What are the most planted varieties in CA?

A

Cabernet Sauvignon
Chardonnay
Pinot Noir
Zinfandel
Merlot
Colombard
Syrah
Pinot Gris
Sauvignon Blanc

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14
Q

What % of the wines must be from the named variety?

A

75%

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15
Q

What % of the grapes must come from any named county?

A

75%

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16
Q

IF an AVA is mentioned, what % of the grapes must come from that AVA?

A

85%

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17
Q

If vineyard names appear on the label, what % of the grapes must come from the vineyard?

A

95%

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18
Q

What % of the grapes must come from any stated vintage if the wine is labelled with an AVA?

A

95%

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19
Q

What % of the grapes must come from any stated vintage if the wine is labelled with an a county or the state is mentioned?

A

95%

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20
Q

What is the term “estate bottled”?

A

If the wine has been made and bottled at the producer’s winery, and from grapes from vineyards owned or controlled by the producer that are within the same AVA

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21
Q

What is the world’s largest selling brand?

A

Barefoot Cellars

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22
Q

What are the most expensive and hard-to-obtain wines / cult wine?

A

Screaming Eagle Winery
Harlan Estate

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23
Q

When did E & J Gallo was founded?

A

1933 in Modesto, California

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24
Q

What are the sub-AVA of Mendocino Country?

A

Anderson Valley
Yorkville Highlands
McDowell Valley,
Potter Valley,
Redwood Valley
Cole Ranch

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25
Q

Which AVA of Mendocino has the highest altitude?

A

Potter Valley

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26
Q

What are the varieties of Mendocino County?

A

the coastal AVAs; Pinot Noir and Chardonnay
the inland AVAs, Zinfandel, Syrah, Petite Sirah, and Cabernet Sauvignon

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27
Q

Who are the significant producers of Anderson Valley?

A

Littorai, William Selyem

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28
Q

What is the river run through Anderson Valley?

A

Navaro River

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29
Q

Which mountains create the rain shadow in Lake County?

A

Mayacamas Mountains, - warm climate

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30
Q

What is the largest sub-AVA of Lake County?

A

Clear Lake AVA

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31
Q

What are the Nothern Sonoma sub-AVA?

A
  • Alexander Valley
  • Knights Valley
  • Rockpile
  • Chalk Hill
  • Russian River Valley
  • Dry Creek Valley
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32
Q

What is the climate of Alexander Valley?

A

a warm climate

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33
Q

What are the soil types of Alexander Valley?

A

low-nutrient, free-draining, sand and gravel

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34
Q

Who are the significant producers of Alexander Valley?

A

Kendall-Jackson (Stonestreet Estate)
Seghesio

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35
Q

What is the warmest AVA of Sonoma County?

A

Knights Valley

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36
Q

What are the soil types of Knights Valley?

A

free-draining volcanic soils

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37
Q

What are the soil types of Dry Creek?

A

Gravelly sandy loam - valley floor
gravel red clay loam - on the slopes

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38
Q

What variety Dry Creek Valley is known for?

A

old vine, over 100 years old Zinfandel

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39
Q

what are the characteristics of Zinfandel?

A

medium (+) to full-bodied
medium (+) acidity
ripe flavor of blackberry, black plum cherry

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40
Q

What are the soil types of Russian River Valley?

A

yellow sandstone to rocky clay loam

41
Q

Who are the significant producers of Russian River Valley?

A

Rochioli
La Crema

42
Q

What are the Sonoma Coast sub-AVA?

A

Russian River Valley
Carneros
Chalk Hill
Petaluma Gap
Fort Ross Seaview

Goes into Sonoma Valleu too

43
Q

What are the climate of Sonoma Caost?

A

Cool with limited sunshine
exposed to cold ocean winds and fog

44
Q

Who are the significant producers of Sonoma Coast?

A

Aubert
Occidental

45
Q

What are the altitude of Fort Ross Seaview

A

280m above the fog layer, = longer hours of sunshine and warmth compared to the surrounding Sonoma Coast

46
Q

What is the significant climatic influence in Petaluma Gap?

A

High-speed coastal winds flow throughout the AVA

47
Q

What is the effect of the strong winds in Petaluma Gap?

A

cause leaf stomata to close, slowing respiration and photo synthsis

48
Q

What are the sub-AVA of Sonoma Valley?

A

Sonoma Mountain
Bennet Valley
Carneros

49
Q

What are the elevation of Sonoma mountain?

A

730m, exposing the grapes to intense sun and warm daytime temperatures, and cool nights

50
Q

Who are the significant producers of Carneros?

A

Kistler Vineyards
Ramey

51
Q

AVAs on the southern Valley Floor of Napa?

A

Carneros AVA
Coomsville AVA
Oak Knoll AVA

52
Q

What are the climatic influence of the Valley Floor AVAs of Napa

A

The cold air and fog, sit under the fog layer.
limiting hours of warmth and sunlight

53
Q

What are the central valley floor AVAs of Napa?

A

Yountville AVA
Stags Leap District AVA
Oakville AVA
Rutherford AVA

54
Q

What is the most famous vineyard area in Oakville and Rutherford?

A

the Rutherford Bench

55
Q

What are the Northernmost Valley Floor AVA?

A

St Helena AVA
Calistoga AVA

56
Q

What is the climate of St Helena and Calistoga AVA?

A

warm to hot, not receiving cooling influence from the San Pablo Bay

57
Q

What are the Mountain AVAs of Napa Valley?

A

Mount Veeder AVA
Atlas Peak AVA
Howell Mountain AVA
Spring Mountain District AVA
Diamond Mountain District AVA

58
Q

What are the soil types of Napa?

A
  • on mountains: thin, poor in nutrients
  • middle and east: silt and clay, founded by Napa River
  • at the bottom of mountains: alluvial fans
  • “benches”: deep rocky
59
Q

What are the typical training system in Napa?

A

pruned and trained to cordon or replacement spur with VSP trellising

60
Q

What is the certification programme for sustainability in Napa?

How many producers are certified?

A

Napa Green, 60% of producers are certified currently

61
Q

What is the most planted variety in Napa and what % accounts for?

A

Cabernet Sauvignon, 40%

62
Q

What are the styles of winemaking from Napa in 80s and 90s?

A

Full-bodied, intense wines
Grapes were harvested relatively late giving extra-ripe flavors, high alcohol and lower acidities
Both red and white wines were matured in a high proportion of new oak

63
Q

What are the styles of winemaking from Napa today?

A

The general trend is to pick earlier than in the past. High proportion of new oak ar still common, thought the time spent in oak is often shorter

64
Q

What are the famous single vineyards of Napa?

A

To Kalon, Martha’s Vineyard

65
Q

What are the popular clones of Cabernet Sauvignon and Chardonnay in CA?

A

Cabernet Sauvignon: Clones 7, 8, 11 from Margaux
Chardonnay: Wente, originally from Meursault

66
Q

Where are Wente and Concannon located?

A

Livermore Valley AVA

67
Q

Where is Santa Cruz Mountain AVA?

A

Part of Coast Range - many high altitude sites along a ridge line.

Eastern side is warmer, next to Silicon Valley.

68
Q

What are the elevation of Santa Cruz Mountains?

A

up to 800m

69
Q

Who are the significant producers of Santa Cruz Mountains?

A

Ridge Vineyards
Mount Eden Vineyards

70
Q

What is the climate of Monterey AVA?

What is the valley the AVA is formed around?

What orientation is it?

What’s special about the water?

A

cool maritime air funneled from Monterey Bay. The water is particularly cold, and that means afternoon and evenings in the Salinas Valley can be particularly cool and windy

71
Q

What are the soil types of Monterey AVA?

A

sandy loam and gravel

72
Q

What are the AVA of Monterey County?

A

Monterey AVA
Santa Lucia Highlands AVA
Arroyo Seco AVA
Chalone AVA
Carmel Valley AVA

73
Q

What are the main AVA of San Luis Obispo County?

A

Paso Robels
Edna Valley
Arroyo Grande

74
Q

What are the best known sub-AVA of Paso Robles?

A

Adelaida District

75
Q

What are the climate of the Paso Robles?

A

the eastern part = warmer climate
the western part = cooler

76
Q

What influence the Templeton Gap provide?

A

on the west side of Paso robles is a low point in the Central Range that allows the Pacific Ocean’s air to reach further inland providing a moderating influence on the temperature of the westerly sub-AVAs

77
Q

What are the soil types of Paso Robles?

A

Calcareous soils, clay

78
Q

What are the most planted variety in Paso Robles?

A

Cabernet Sauvignon

79
Q

Who are the significant producers of Paso Robles?

A

Saxum Vineyards
Tablas Creek

80
Q

What are the AVAs of Santa Barbara County?

A

Santa Maria Valley
Santa Ynez Valley (Sta Rita Hills, Ballard Canyon, Los Olivos District and Happy Canyon of Santa Barbara)

81
Q

What are the mountain ranges of Santa Barbara county?

A

the Transverse Ranges
the Southern Coast Ranges; east-west

82
Q

Who are the significant producer of Santa Barbara County?

A

Mail Road Wines
Sine Qua Non

83
Q

What are the soils of Sta Rita Hills AVA?

A

Calcium-rich soils

84
Q

What are the hills of Sta Rita Hills?

A

the Purisima Hills - north
Santa Rosa Hills - south

85
Q

What is the climate of Sta Rita Hills?

A

receive the cool Pacific fog and breezes that funnel unland through the Transverse Ranges

86
Q

What are the 2 valleys of the Central Valley?

A

the Sacramento Valley
the San Joaquin Valley

87
Q

What are the daytime temperature of the Central Valley?

A

35-40c

88
Q

What are the common varieties of the Central Valley?

A

Colombard
Chardonnay
Muscat
Zinfandel
Merlot

89
Q

Who are the large-scale producers of the Central Valley?

A

E & J Gallo Winery
Bronco Wine Company

90
Q

What are the climate of Lodi?

A

a hot Mediterranean climate, moderated by cooling afternoon winds both from the San Francisco Bay and the Sacramento-san Joaquin Delta

91
Q

What are the soil types of Lodi?

A

free-draining sandy and clay soils

92
Q

What are the river run through Lodi?

A

Mokelumne river

93
Q

What are the common training system of Lodi?

A

Cordon-trained and VSP trellised as replacement cane systems would require more labor

94
Q

What variety Lodi is well-known for?

A

Old vine Zinfandel, bush vines, some of vines are over 100 years old on sandy soils, phylloxera free

95
Q

Who are the significant producers of Lodi?

A

Ravenswood

96
Q

What are the main sub-AVAs of Lodi?

A

Mokelumne River AVA
Clarksburg AVA

97
Q

What is Lodi Rules?

A

the first sustainability program in California

98
Q

What are the sub-AVAs of Sierra Foothills?

A
  • California Shenandoah Valley
  • Fiddletown AVA
  • El Dorado AVA
99
Q

What are the soil types of Sierra Foothills?

A

Sandy clay loam
Decomposed granite

Water retaining

Dry farming possible

WSET Level 4 Diploma D3 (31 decks)

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