Porcine Flashcards
How many permanent teeth do pigs have?
44
E coli in pigs
- clear watery to pasty brown feces
- dehydration and depression
- death losses higher in pigs
MOST COMMON CAUSE OF DIARRHEA in pigs <5 days old
How do we diagnose E coli in pigs?
pH of feces >8
-culture
-necropsy: dilated gas filled SI
5d- weaning (usually 7d)
How do we treat E coli?
- ampicillin, tetracycline, gentamicin, ceftiofur
- treat litter at same time
Transmissible gastroenteritis
coronavirus
-neonates: diarrhea with undigested milk
BAD in pigs < 2 wks old (piglets and nursery)
tx: not responsive to antibiotics; depopulate and eliminate all age groups
How do we diagnose TGE?
ELISA, immunofluorescence of gut contents
Isospora suis: what do you see, how do you treat
5 days old to weaning (10 weeks)
- diarrhea with no blood
- acidic feces
- dehydration
- *increase in summer due to humidity
tx: amprolium, ponazuril
How do you diagnose Isospora?
Histopath
-fecal flotation can yield false negative due to persistent shedding
Brachyspira hyodysenteriae
- *growers and finishers** (10-26 weeks)
- bloody diarrhea –> mucoid, bloody, watery
- mucohemorrhagic colitis diagnostic
DX: culture (def), histopath, dark field microscopy
tx: lincomycin; tiamulin, tylosin in water
Lawsonia intracellularis
grower-finisher; young breeding pigs
Dx:
-histopath, PCR
Tx: tylosin, tiamulin, medicated feed; MLV vax in water
Trichuris suis
2-6 mos old
diarrhea with mucus and blood; anemia
DX: fecal float; fibrinonecrotic colitis
tx: fenbendazole, dichlorvos
Salmonella
typhimurium: rectal strictures
cholerasuis: large intestine
Dx: culture
*most common cause of diarrhea in growers and finishers** ANY AGE!!!
Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae
Enzootic pneumonia
-dry cough
- retarded growth
- *PCR
- *we do NOT see sneezing, nasal discharge, or dyspnea
What is the cause of spirochetal colitis?
Brachyspira pilosicoli
Staph hyicus-exudative epidermitis
- thickened red-spotted skin
- erosions of coronary band and heel
tx: penicillin, cephalosporins, TMS, tylosin, aminoglycosides
control: separate affected pigs and treat with injectable antibiotics
Which of the following is the most common cause of diarrhea in growers and finishers? A. Salmonella B. E coli C. Isospora suis D. C perfringens Type C E. Rotavirus
A. Salmonella
Clostridial enteritis
1-2 day old piglets
-bloody diarrhea
Dx: necropsy: blood in jejunum with flecks of mucosa; necrosis of SI
How do we diagnose PRRS?
serum PCR
turkey egg kidneys
CSF (hog cholera) or ASF
hemagglutinating myeloencephalitis
vomiting and wasting dz (coronavirus)
CS: pharyngeal paralysis, cyanosis; perivascular cuffing
DX: virus isolation, paired serum samples ab titers
No tx
Diamond skin disease
- purple ears!!
chronic: enlarged joints + lameness; vegetative valvular endocarditis
Dx: serology (vax vs prev exposure); PCR, IHC
Tx: penicillin; tetracycline in water; tx unsuccessful if chronic (endocarditis)
Mycoplasma hyorhinis
fibrinous polyserositis
sarcoptic mange
- crusty deposits in ears
- headshaking
- tiny red pimples
Swine influenza: onset and recovery
acute onset, rapid recovery
Classical Swine Fever (Hog Cholera)
REPORTABLE
- high fever
- cyanosis, erythema
- necrotic foci on intestinal mucosa
Dx: RT-PCR
Quarantine; feeding undercooked food; NO TX
Age for Streptococcus suis
<12 weeks
-meningitis, septicemia, fever
Age for Streptococcus dysgalactiae
1-3 weeks old
- fever, arthritis, meningitis
- hyperemic swollen synovial membranes
Age for Streptococcus porcinus
Jowl abscess in growing pigs
Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae
-high morbidity and mortality
-aerosol
-
CS: bloody froth in the airways, serofibrinous pericarditis; polyarthritis; lung necrosis + nodules
tx: tetracyclines
Actinobacillus suis
serous and serofibrinous exudates in thorax and abdomen; lungs
-isolated from nasal cavity and tonsils
CS: cyanotic extremities, fever, enteritis; red skin like erysipelas, resp distress; abortion
Dx: culture (amoxicillin, ampicillin, oxytet)
