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NAVLE-HUMA > Avian > Flashcards

Avian Flashcards

1
Q

How do we diagnose Chlamydophila psittacci?

A

isolation and identification

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2
Q

What elevations do we see on bloodwork with Chlamydophila psittaci?

A

bile acids, AST, LDH and uric acid are elevated*

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3
Q

What do we see grossly with Chlamydophila psittacci?

A

REPORTABLE

  • serofibrinous polyserositis (airsacculitis, pericarditis, perihepatitis, peritonitis)
  • pneumonia
  • hepatomegaly, splenomegaly
  • multifocal necrosis on liver and spleen
  • green or yellow diarrhea/urates, conjunctivitis
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4
Q

How do we diagnose avian encephalomyelitis?

A
  • serology

- histopathology (pancreas, duodenum, brain)

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5
Q

What gross lesions do we see with avian encephalomyelitis ?

A
  • pale foci in the gizzard

- birds recover and get cataracts

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6
Q

How do we diagnose and treat avian mycobacteriosis?

A

histopathology

CULL!!

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7
Q

What do we see grossly with avian mycobacteriosis?

A

-granulomas in intestinal tract

-

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8
Q

Erysipelas

A

gram positve pleomorphic rods

  • diffuse darkening of skin
  • enlarged friable livers and spleens

tx: IM sodium penicillin

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9
Q

Newcastle Disease

A

Gross lesions: petechiae in the proventricular mucosa

  • clonic spasms, coughing, sneezing, complete paralysis, torticollis, circling, paralyzed ings and legs
  • diarrhea, neurological issues

REPORTABLE

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10
Q

infectious coryza

A

CHICKENS ONLY

acute resp disease with nasal discharge, sneezing, and SWELLING UNDER THE EYES, rales

Avibacterium paragallinarum

tx: erythromycin and oxytet in water

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11
Q

fowl cholera

A

Pasteurella multocida

  • swollen footpads; fibrinosuppurative exudate
  • hyperemia of duodenum on necropsy
  • pneumonia in turkeys

Tx: sulfamethazine or sulfadimethoxine in feed or water; VACCINATE

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12
Q

Infectious bursal disease (gumboro)

A

CS: depression, watery diarrhea, ruffled feathers, deH20

  • yellowish transudate in bursa and atrophy
  • soiled vent feathers

Dx: RT-PCR, virus isolation

-no treatment

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13
Q

Giardiasis

A

CS: feather pulling, feces look like popcorn
Dx: zinc sulfate flotation test

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14
Q

what is another name for highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI)?

A

fowl plague
REPORTABLE
ZOONOTIC

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15
Q

What do we see with HPAI?

A

upper resp signs:

  • cyanotic and edematous combs
  • sinusitis, conjunctivitis
  • dyspnea

neuro signs:

  • droopy wings
  • torticollis, paralysis, opisthotonus
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16
Q

How do you diagnose avian influenza?

A

Necropsy: edema and necrosis of visceral organs, skin, and CNS

REPORT OUTBREAK TO STATE VET

AGID and ELISA
- if + then virus isolation

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17
Q

Treating LPAI vs HPAI

A

LPAI: supportive care; broad spectrum abx (good px)

HPAI: cull infected flock (H5 and H7) (grave px)

18
Q

What do we see with infectious bronchitis virus? 3Rs

A

ONLY IN CHICKENS

  1. respiratory: gasping, tracheal rales, epiphora, swollen sinuses, coughing, sneezing
  2. renal: ADULTS
  3. reproductive: dec egg production, wrinkled and abnormal eggs; egg yolk peritonitis 2 to ruptured follicles
19
Q

Diagnosing infectious bronchitis virus

A

CORONAVIRUS

Necropsy: non hemorrhagic serous catarrhal or yellow caseous exudate

virus isolation: - hemagglutination reaction (AI and Newcastle are +)

serotype ID: RT-PCR

20
Q

What do we see in chickens with infectious bronchitis virus with a secondary bacterial infection?

A
  • airsacculitis: cloudy thickened caseous yellow exudate
  • pericarditis
  • perihepatitis
21
Q

What is the most important vector for infectious bronchitis virus?

A

clinically recovered asymptomatic (carrier) birds

22
Q

What are four reasons that infectious bronchitis virus is so difficult to control?

A
  1. multiple serotypes
  2. no cross reaction
  3. multiple serotypes in the same region
  4. highly contagious
23
Q

Infectious Laryngotracheitis

A

REPORTABLE; herpesvirus

CS: coughing, dec egg production, conjunctivitis, periorbital swelling

Dx: PCR; AGID, ELISA; VACCINATE

24
Q

3 systems for viscerotropic velogenic ND

A
  1. respiratory
    - gasping, sneezing, facial edema
  2. neurologic
    - muscle tremors, droopy wings, torticollis, paralysis, circling
  3. digestive
    - violent watery green dx, ruffled feathers, thin eggs wih watery albumen (dec egg laying)

**hemorrhage and necrosis of lymphoid organs on necropsy

25
Q

What is the most severe CNS lesion in pigeon-isolated strains of ND?

A

Mesogenic

  • encephalitis
  • myocardial, splenic, and pancreatic necrosis
26
Q

What is the gold standard diagnosis for Newcastle?

A

virus isolation

**pos on hemagglutination activity –> PCR

27
Q

What are 5 forms of Marek’s disease?

A
  1. Ocular
    - blindness, distorted iris shape and discolored iris
  2. Cutaneous
    - enlarged feather follicles, leg lesions
  3. Neurologic
  4. Visceral
    - white fish flesh nodules +/- diffuse visceral lymphoid tumors
  5. Subclinical
    - dec growth rate and egg production
28
Q

Trichomonas gallinae

A

CS: caseous oral exudate; enteric and oral lesions; weight loss

Tx: metronidazole

29
Q

What are the 2 types of avian polyoma virus?

A
  1. budgerigar fledgling disease
    - lethargy
    - crop stasis
    - ascites/serositis, rapid death, abnormal plumage
  2. nonbudgerigar polyoma infection
    - nestlings or fledglings
    - disseminated SC hemorrhages
    - lung edema/dyspnea
    - acute death, lethargy, subclinical in adults
30
Q

How do you diagnose avian polyoma virus?

A

Live birds: PCR, viral neutralization

Dead birds: pale muscles, pale enlarged liver, SC and cardiac ecchymoses ; histopath shows intranuclear inclusion bodies

31
Q

Pacheco’s disease/ Psittacine herpesvirus/internal papillomatosis

A

CS: bright yellow or green urates; regurg; diarrhea; death; hepatitis

32
Q

How do we diagnose Pacheco’s disease?

A

Live birds: PCR (blood, choana, cloaca), elevated ALT, leukopenia

Dead birds: hepatosplenomegaly, renomegaly, hepatic necrosis, pericardial hemorrhage
-histopath (intranuc inclusion bodies in hepatocytes)

33
Q

How do we treat Pacheco’s disease?

A
  1. Fluids
  2. acyclovir
  3. abx for secondary infection

-analgesia and cautery excision for papillomatosis

***poor prognosis

34
Q

Proventricular Dilatation Disease-CS

Macaw wasting disease; myenteric ganglioneuritis

A

Bornavirus

CS: progressive wt loss, regurg, pass undigested food, neuro signs (ataxia, seizures)

35
Q

Proventricular Dilatation Disease-Dx

A

Live birds: PCR, rads (dilated proventriculus)

Dead birds: enlarged proventriculus; lymphoplasmacytic infiltrates in autonomic nerve ganglia

36
Q

How do you treat chlamydiosis?

A

doxycycline for min of 45d; 6wks

37
Q

E Coli

A
  1. Fibrinous pericarditis
  2. Airsacculitis
  3. Perihepatitis
38
Q

Botulism

3Ds

A

limp bird

-Dead bird, Disposal, and Disinfection

39
Q

chronic resp disease or

infectious sinusitis

A

Mycoplasma gallisepticum

40
Q

coccidiosis

A
  • dec egg production
  • necrotic hemorrhagic intestines
  • cecal hemorrhages
  • vax in 1d old chicks

NAVLE-HUMA (10 decks)

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