population genetics Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

define selection

A

process by which organisms are better adapted to the environment survive and breed to pass on favourable alleles to subsequent generations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

define genotype

A

alleles of a gene organism posseses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

define population

A

group of the same species occupying a particular space at a particular time and can interbreed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

define gene pool

A

all the alleles of all the genes of all the individuals in a population at a given time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

define allelic frequency

A

the number of times an allele occurs within the gene pool

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what are the 5 assumptions of the Hardy Weinberg principle

A
  • model is large
  • random mating
  • no selection (alleles are equally likely to passed onto the next generation)
  • has no mutation
  • no emigration or immigration (flow of alleles into or out of the population)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

define variation

A

the differences that exist between individuals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

define polygene

A

large number of genes that have a combined effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

explain the 3 causes of variation due to genetics

A

mutation
- difference in bases = new a/a = new protein = different/advantageous characteristics

meiosis
- independent segregation
- crossing over

random fertilisation
- each sperm is genetically different = sperm that fertilises egg is different to others due to meiosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly