POPULATION ECOLOGY L24 Flashcards
I. Intro - CC major components II. Population growth - CC 2 growth models III. Life history - CC life history strategies IV. Population size - CC factors driving population size
1
Q
ecology
A
- study of interactions between living organisms and physical environment
2
Q
population ecology
A
- considers number of individuals in an area and population dynamics
3
Q
population dynamics
A
- study of change in populations
4
Q
exponential growth model
A
- every member of population reproduces at physiological capacity
- population growing at rmax
- j shaped curve
5
Q
logistical growth model
A
- considers environment resistance
- growth rate slows as population reaches carrying capacity
- S shaped curve
6
Q
semelparous
A
- 1 large reproductive effort
- favored if: low offspring survival rate, highly variable environment, high adult mortality
7
Q
iteroparous
A
- reproduce many times
- favored if: stable environment, low adult mortality, high competition
8
Q
reproduce early
A
- E towards offspring instead of own growth
- may reduce survival
9
Q
reproduce late
A
- E towards growth – higher survival
- less E towards offspring
10
Q
r selection
A
- produce many offspring fast
- high population growth rate
- close to rmax
- large broods
- little parental care
- short life span
11
Q
k selection
A
- few offspring
- high parental investment
- population size close to k most of the time
- long life
- low reproductive rate
- high parental care
- high competitive ability
- older at first reproductive episode
- stable environments
- longer term survival
12
Q
density independent factors
A
- operate without relation to population density
- abiotic
- weather/natural disasters
- birth and death rate usually do not change with density
13
Q
density dependent factors
A
- affected by population density
- changes density – changes affect
- negative feedback system
- biotic
- stable population near k
