Population

Question 1

What is a demographic transition model

Answer 1

A model based on historical trends in demography that shows the progression of the birth and death rates within a population

Question 2

what is meant by population momentum

Answer 2

population momentum is when a countries fertility rate is below approximately 2 however the population continues to grow to the age structure

Question 3

What does the term population distribution mean?

Answer 3

how spread out a population is ( refered to as sparse or dense )

Question 4

What does the term migration mean?

Answer 4

Movement of people from one place to another for economic, political or environmental reasons

Question 5

What is meant by densely population?

Answer 5

an area that contains lots of people.

Question 6

What is mean by sparsely populated?

Answer 6

an area that contains few people

Question 7

What is population density

Answer 7

The number of people living in an area using expressed as number of people livening within a square kilometre.

Calculation=

total population / total area (km)2 = population density answer in number per km2

Question 8

what is a population explosion and why does it happen

Answer 8

When the population of something suddenly increases rises or falls ( possibly to new advancements )

Question 9

What is over population - give example of country over populated

Answer 9

Over population - a country or region that does not have enough resources to keep all of its people at a reasonable standard of living.

Question 10

What is under population - give example of countries underpopulated

Answer 10

Under population is when a region or country has too few popped to use all the resources of an area to the maximum efficiency.

Canada, Australia, Mongolia

Question 11

List factors that can affect birth rate

Answer 11

Increase
young marrige ( child planning )
poor families ( children to take care of them )
religion
medical care

Decrease
access to contraception - family size could be planned
increase in wages - families better off and no longer required their children to generate i
careers - women deciding to wrk and follow careers rather than have children at early age or at all
child laws / politics
limited resourses
amount of docters in area
pro natal / anti natal

Question 12

List factors that can affect death rate

Answer 12

Pandemics
war
hazards
healthcare
limited resourses
crime
fitness
education

Question 13

list factors that can make a population increase or decrease

Answer 13

Virus and pandemics
wars
wealth
amount of reasourses
climate and hazards
pollution
choice of leader
health-care
child planning
fitness / health of people
charity
law / crime rate
international aid
migration

Question 14

What are these key terms:

Answer 14

Demography = study of people

Birthrate = number of births per 1000

Deathrate = number of deaths per 1000

Population distribution = how spread out a population is ( refered to as sparse or dense )

Population density = number of people per Km2

Overpopulation = state whereby the human population rises to an extent exceeding the capacity of the ecologic setting

Underpopulation = when a country has a lower population density then what is normal or desired

Densely populated = an area that contains lots of people.

Sparsely populated = an area that contains few people

Population growth = the increase in the number of people in a population

Population decline = the decrease in the number of people in a population

Question 15

List factors for migration ( push and pull )

Answer 15

Quality of life
Jobs/buisness
Climate
healthcare and taxes
financial sucess of the country
countries political stands/viewpoints
education
access to filtered water
culture
transport
crime rate
infastructure
pollution
family
passports/visa
borders
languages

Question 16

in migration what is the definition of a push and pull factor

Answer 16

A push factor is a factor that would make you want to emmigrate a country. A pull factor is a factor that would make you want to migrate into a country.

Question 17

what are the effects of migration on the country where people are immigrating into

Answer 17

• Possible overcrowding
• Immigrants can do the jobs that the original residents would not like to do ( cleaners )
• boost GDP ( if they spend on country )
• increase in crime rate
• possible conflicts between original residents and new immigrants
• possible tax raise to keep up healthcare and education for new people
• boost in skillset and capabilities

Question 18

What are the effects of migration on the country where people are leaving ( emigrating )

Answer 18

• Young people leave ( leaving old people needed to be taken care of by government )
• decrease in population
• loss of talent ( doctors, teachers )

Question 19

What are the different types of migration and explain them

Answer 19

Forced migration - being removed from your country by force
Voluntary - you move on your own accord
Immigration - when someone permanently becomes a resident of a country ( act of moving in )
Emigration - when someone permanently leaves a country
Refugee - someone who is forced out of their country due to war or persecution
Internally displaced - someone who is removed from their home but remains in the borders of their countries.

Question 20

Why are L.I.C and H.I.C’s population growing at different rate

Answer 20

In lower economically developed countries has is worse healthcare and little treatment for people as they become elderly, there is also low education. due to these factors there is no child planning and people choose to have more children to take care of them when they are older. In higher economically developed countries people are more educated in the expenses of having children and more people in the H.I.C;s are choosing careers over families.

Question 21

How has population changed over time ( slow progress to population explosion )

Answer 21

the change of population change over time is shown through the demographic transtion model (dtm). Originally there was a high birth rate and a high death rate which resulted in a low total population, as time continues technological advancments were achieved (vaccines and medical care ) and the death rate was lower which resulted in a natural increase in the population. now in the year 2022 we are at almost 8 billion people.

Question 22

Complete past paper questions on powerpoint

Answer 22

answer is on powerpoint

Question 23

case study questions, talk for 30 - 60 seconds on a random case study selected

Answer 23

Bangladesh
Australia
Kenya
Russia
Syria

Question 24

What are the main causes of change in population :
Social factors
Economic factors
Political factors

Answer 24

Changes in birth and death rates

Social factors - education, migration, healthcare and lifestyle

Economic factors - availability of jobs and wages which can affect migration to and from regions and countries

Political factors - government population policies and civil war

Question 25

What is the leading cause of over population

Answer 25

High birth rates and falling death rates leaving to a natural increase

Question 26

What are the impacts of over population

Answer 26

Water - no access to safe drinking water
Food - not enough food
Environment - climate change due to human emissions of greenhouse gases
Services - pressure on education, healthcare and social services
Congestion - demand for public transport leading to congestion and increased pollution

Question 27

What are the impacts of under population

Answer 27

Shortage of workers
Fewer people to pay tax
closure of services
Wasted resources