Population Flashcards
What is a demographic transition model
A model based on historical trends in demography that shows the progression of the birth and death rates within a population
what is meant by population momentum
population momentum is when a countries fertility rate is below approximately 2 however the population continues to grow to the age structure
What does the term population distribution mean?
how spread out a population is ( refered to as sparse or dense )
What does the term migration mean?
Movement of people from one place to another for economic, political or environmental reasons
What is meant by densely population?
an area that contains lots of people.
What is mean by sparsely populated?
an area that contains few people
What is population density
The number of people living in an area using expressed as number of people livening within a square kilometre.
Calculation=
total population / total area (km)2 = population density answer in number per km2
what is a population explosion and why does it happen
When the population of something suddenly increases rises or falls ( possibly to new advancements )
What is over population - give example of country over populated
Over population - a country or region that does not have enough resources to keep all of its people at a reasonable standard of living.
What is under population - give example of countries underpopulated
Under population is when a region or country has too few popped to use all the resources of an area to the maximum efficiency.
Canada, Australia, Mongolia
List factors that can affect birth rate
Increase
young marrige ( child planning )
poor families ( children to take care of them )
religion
medical care
Decrease
access to contraception - family size could be planned
increase in wages - families better off and no longer required their children to generate i
careers - women deciding to wrk and follow careers rather than have children at early age or at all
child laws / politics
limited resourses
amount of docters in area
pro natal / anti natal
List factors that can affect death rate
Pandemics
war
hazards
healthcare
limited resourses
crime
fitness
education
list factors that can make a population increase or decrease
Virus and pandemics
wars
wealth
amount of reasourses
climate and hazards
pollution
choice of leader
health-care
child planning
fitness / health of people
charity
law / crime rate
international aid
migration
What are these key terms:
Demography = study of people
Birthrate = number of births per 1000
Deathrate = number of deaths per 1000
Population distribution = how spread out a population is ( refered to as sparse or dense )
Population density = number of people per Km2
Overpopulation = state whereby the human population rises to an extent exceeding the capacity of the ecologic setting
Underpopulation = when a country has a lower population density then what is normal or desired
Densely populated = an area that contains lots of people.
Sparsely populated = an area that contains few people
Population growth = the increase in the number of people in a population
Population decline = the decrease in the number of people in a population
List factors for migration ( push and pull )
Quality of life
Jobs/buisness
Climate
healthcare and taxes
financial sucess of the country
countries political stands/viewpoints
education
access to filtered water
culture
transport
crime rate
infastructure
pollution
family
passports/visa
borders
languages
in migration what is the definition of a push and pull factor
A push factor is a factor that would make you want to emmigrate a country. A pull factor is a factor that would make you want to migrate into a country.
what are the effects of migration on the country where people are immigrating into
- Possible overcrowding
- Immigrants can do the jobs that the original residents would not like to do ( cleaners )
- boost GDP ( if they spend on country )
- increase in crime rate
- possible conflicts between original residents and new immigrants
- possible tax raise to keep up healthcare and education for new people
- boost in skillset and capabilities
What are the effects of migration on the country where people are leaving ( emigrating )
- Young people leave ( leaving old people needed to be taken care of by government )
- decrease in population
- loss of talent ( doctors, teachers )
What are the different types of migration and explain them
Forced migration - being removed from your country by force
Voluntary - you move on your own accord
Immigration - when someone permanently becomes a resident of a country ( act of moving in )
Emigration - when someone permanently leaves a country
Refugee - someone who is forced out of their country due to war or persecution
Internally displaced - someone who is removed from their home but remains in the borders of their countries.
Why are L.I.C and H.I.C’s population growing at different rate
In lower economically developed countries has is worse healthcare and little treatment for people as they become elderly, there is also low education. due to these factors there is no child planning and people choose to have more children to take care of them when they are older. In higher economically developed countries people are more educated in the expenses of having children and more people in the H.I.C;s are choosing careers over families.
How has population changed over time ( slow progress to population explosion )
the change of population change over time is shown through the demographic transtion model (dtm). Originally there was a high birth rate and a high death rate which resulted in a low total population, as time continues technological advancments were achieved (vaccines and medical care ) and the death rate was lower which resulted in a natural increase in the population. now in the year 2022 we are at almost 8 billion people.
Complete past paper questions on powerpoint
answer is on powerpoint
case study questions, talk for 30 - 60 seconds on a random case study selected
Bangladesh
Australia
Kenya
Russia
Syria
What are the main causes of change in population :
Social factors
Economic factors
Political factors
Changes in birth and death rates
Social factors - education, migration, healthcare and lifestyle
Economic factors - availability of jobs and wages which can affect migration to and from regions and countries
Political factors - government population policies and civil war
