Energy and Water

Question 1

What is Non-Renewable energy

Answer 1

Non-renewable energy is energy that comes from a finite source, the energy will eventually run out

Question 2

What is renewable energy

Answer 2

Renewable energy is energy that comes from a replenishable source, it is sustainable and will not run out

Question 3

What does finite mean

Answer 3

Finite means limited

Question 4

What does sustainable development mean

Answer 4

development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations

Question 5

List five types of non-renewable energy

Answer 5

Coal
Oil
Natural gas
Fuelwood
Nuclear

Question 6

List five types of renewable energy

Answer 6

Geothermal
Wind
Hydroelectric
Solar
Biogas/Biofuel

Question 7

How can we harness coal to create energy

Answer 7

Coal is burnt under a body of water, this makes the water evaporates into steam. The steam will build up in pressure, when there is enough pressure it will spin a turbine above it, the turbine rotates a shaft inbetween two electromagnets. As a result electrons are forced through the shaft and electrical energy is formed. this is also known as powering up a generator.

Question 8

What are 4 advantages and 4 disadvantages of using coal to create energy

Answer 8

Advantages:
- Cheap
- Abundant
- Reliable
- Already an established industry
Disadvantages:
- Non renewable
- Contributes to global warming
- Extra gases produced effects human health
- Mining for coal can be dangerous

Question 9

What is an example of a power station ran on coal and explain it.

Answer 9

Drax power station - UK
- Provides 6% of U.K’s energy
- Has a capacity of aproximatly 2500 megawattes
- Crushes aproximatly 35 tonnes of coal an hour

Question 10

How can we harness fuel wood to create energy

Answer 10

The wood is burned, it is going though combustion. As this happens heat energy is produced which is what we can use to cook food and heat our houses

Question 11

What are 3 advantages and 3 disadvantages of using fuelwood

Answer 11

Advantages:
- Cheap
- Abundant
- Can be sustainable if the tree is replaced when cut down

Question 12

What is an area using a high amount of fuelwood and explain it

Answer 12

East Africa:
- Fuelwood is used for 85% of the energy in the reigon
- East africa looses aproximatly 450,000 hectars per year for fuelwood
- Lots of species are loosing their homes and are becomming endangered

Question 13

How can we harness nuclear power to create energy

Answer 13

Nuclear power is produced through nuclear fission. A neutron is smashed into an atom causing to split, this releases a chain reaction as more neutrons are released. this process creates a lot of energy. the energy used creates steam which pushes a turbine in between two electromagnets causing an electrical current. Also known has powering up a generator

Question 14

What are 4 advantages and 4 disadvantages.

Answer 14

Advantages:
- It does not contribute to global warming, therefore it is sustainable
- The power stations have a very long lifetime
- It is reliable
- Not a lot of fuel is needed, it will last for a very long time
Disadvantages:
- Large scale accidents can be catastrophic
- It is difficult to safely dispose radio-active waste
- Public perception of nuclear power is negative
- Very high building and decommision costs

Question 15

Give an example of a country that uses a lot of nuclear energy

Answer 15

France:
- Nuclear energy provides 76% of frances energy
- France currently has 58 operational nuclear power plants
- it has the second largest number of nuclear power plants in the world

Question 16

How can we harness hydro-electric power into energy

Answer 16

Most hydroelectric power plants have a large reservoir of water connected to a dam. As water drops down the dam, it gains gravitational energy which is then converted to kinetic energy when it hits the ground below. The kinetic energy pushes a turbine in betwen two electromagnets producing an electrical current (also known has powering a generator).

Question 17

Give 4 advantages and 4 disadvantages of using hydro-electric power

Answer 17

Advantages:
- No pollution created, it’s sustainable
- Easy to regulate the production levels of energy
- Renewable source, won’t run out
- reliable
Disadvantages:
- High geographic requirments
- damage to aquatic wildlife
- High cost to build
- High flood risk
- people could get relocated if a new dam is being constructed there

Question 18

Give an example of a Hydro-Electric power station and explain it

Answer 18

The Gorges Dam
- Located in Yangtze river china
- Energy potential is 22500 GW
- Suplies energy to 20m people
- 220,000 people were relocated
- cost was 26.25m USD

Question 19

How can we harness solar power into usable energy

Answer 19

Multiple solar panals are set up in an open area near the sun, solar panals contain several solar cells inside of them. Solar cels contain silicon, this captures photons, which are small packets of energy given off by the sun. As photons go into the solar cell an electric charge is produced

Question 20

What are 3 advantages and 3 disadvantages of using solar power

Answer 20

Advantages
- Renewable, will never run out
- Does release greenhouse gases, it’s sustainable
- Safe
Disadvantages:
- Doesn’t generate energy at night, it’s not as reliable as others
- takes up a lot of space
- it’s very expensive to purchase
- must be cleaned regulary as dust acumilates

Question 21

Give an example of a solar park and explain it

Answer 21

Mohammed Bin Rashid Al Maktoum Solar Park - Dubai:
- The largest solar power plant in the UAE
- Covers 77 square KM
- By 2030 will have capacity of 5000 MW
- Will save over 6.5m tonnes of carbon emmisions anually
- Solar energy is efficient in the UAE as it’s sunny almost all year round

Question 22

Iceland cas