POPH192 Lecture 33 - Prevention Flashcards

1
Q

what is primary prevention?

A

interventions that attempt to prevent disease from occurring
-i.e reduce the incidence of disease

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2
Q

what is secondary prevention?

A

reduced the impact of disease by shortening its duration, reducing severity or preventing recurrence

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3
Q

what is tertiary prevention?

A

reduce the number or impact of complications; improve rehabilitation

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4
Q

what is a high risk (or individual) strategy for primary prevention?

A

“individuals in special need are identified..The preventative process then takes the from of controlling the level of exposure to a cause or… or providing protection against the consequences of the exposure…in this high risk group”

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5
Q

what is a population (or mass) strategy for primary prevention?

A

“aims to reduce the health risks of the entire population”

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6
Q

what are the advantages of the population/mass strategy?

A
  • radical
  • large potential for whole population
  • behaviourally appropriate (i.e establishes norms)
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7
Q

what are the disadvantages of the population/mass strategy?

A
  • small benefit to individuals
  • poor motivation of subject
  • benefit-to-risk ratio may be low for individuals
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8
Q

what are the advantages of the high risk/individual strategy?

A
  • appropriate to individuals
  • subject motivation
  • clinician motivation
  • favourable benefit-risk ratio for individuals
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9
Q

what are the disadvantages of the high risk/individual strategy?

A
  • need to identify individuals
  • might be against population norms
  • can be hard to sustain behavioural change
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10
Q

what is the prevention paradox?

A

‘a large number of people at small risk may give rise to more cases of disease than the small number who are at high risk’

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