pop ecology Flashcards

1
Q

species

A

a grp of closely related organisms that can interbreed + produce viable, fertile offspring

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2
Q

population

A

a grp of organisms of the same species that occupy a particular area at a specific time and that can breed with one another

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3
Q

community

A

grps of diff species populations that interact with each other within a specific habitat

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4
Q

community ecology

A

study of interactions betw pop that form a community

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5
Q

biotic

A

living organisms

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6
Q

abiotic

A

non- living organisms

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7
Q

ecology

A

study of living organisms and their relationship to each other and the enviro

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8
Q

pop ecology

A

study of the fluctuations in pop size and the factors that regulate populations

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9
Q

ecological niche

A

functional role + position of a species within a community

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10
Q

habitat

A

enviro in which an organism completes its lifecycle (growth, repro, eventually death)

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11
Q

niche

A

specific area where an organism inhabits

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12
Q

natality

A

the % incre of a pop due to no. of births in a given season/ yr

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13
Q

mortality

A

death rate whithin a pop, usually a % of pop

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14
Q

fertility

A

no. of births per yr for all females who can produce offspring (betw age 15- 45)

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15
Q

immigration

A

one way movement of organisms into an area where they become established, either for breeding season or temp

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16
Q

emigration

A

one way movement of organisms out of an area to become established

17
Q

migration

A

movement from one place to another at certain times of the yr or during a particular period of an organism’s life cycles

18
Q

enviro resistance

A

all factors that are limiting the biotic potential + numerical incre of a pop (eg, lack of water, food, space)

19
Q

carrying capacity

A

largest no. of indiv in a biological species that am ecosystem can support over an indefinite time

20
Q

stable population

A

a pop with zero growth rate, neither growing nor shrinking in size

21
Q

unstable population

A

a pop whose size exceeds the carrying capacity of an area

22
Q

density-dependent factors

A

factors that have a direct correlation (relationship) to the size of the pop in an area (greater pop size= greater the influences of the factors)

23
Q

density-independent factors

A

factors that exert an influence on a pop regardless of its size

24
Q

endemic

A

organisms found only in specific area + nowhere else in world

25
pop size
total no. of indiv in a pop
26
pop density
no. of indiv of a pop per unit area
27
what 3 factors influence pop size
1- natality (birthrate ) 2- mortality (death rate) 3- migration ( immigration, emigration)
28
what 2 factors incre pop size
1- natality - rate at which new indiv added to pop via reproduction 2- immigration - rate at which indiv join a pop from a diff area
29
what 2 factors decre pop size
1- mortality- rate at which indiv removed from pop due to death 2- emigration - rate at which indiv leave a pop to go to another area
30
what are the 2 distinct patterns of natality and what are their 4 characteristics
1) r-strategy: 1- produce many offsprings, 2- small chance survival, 3- parental care absent, 4- pioneer species 2) k- strategy: 1- produce fe offsprings, 2- high chance of survival, 3- parental care present, 4- climax species
31
fertility rate
no. of births per 1000 females of child bearing age
32
fecundity rate
ave. no. of children born one gen per females pf child bearing age