PNS and drugs

Question 1

what are the two branches of the peripheral nervous system

Answer 1

somatic- sensory organs and voluntary movement through muscles autonomic- involuntary vital functions in the body and the organs and the glands

Question 2

what is included in the autonomic portion of the nervous system

Answer 2

parasympathetic and sympathetic

Question 3

what can we expect the body to be when it is in the parasympathetic state?

Answer 3

Pupils will dilate mydriasis salvation and digestion is inhibited blood pressure and heart rate are increasing bronchioles expand which increases respiratory State glucose has mobilized in the blood bladder is relaxed sex organs are inhibited

Question 4

what happens in cholinergic transmission and what nervous system does it occur in?

Answer 4

acetylcholine releases and binds to cholinergic receptors parasympathetic

Question 5

what are the receptors called in a cholinergic transmission?

Answer 5

Nicotinic or muscarinic

Question 6

what is the termination of ACH response?

Answer 6

When ACH is removed from synaptic cleft by enzyme acetylcholinesterase

Question 7

what do cholinergic Agonist do?

Answer 7

Promotes the action of acetylcholine- produce effects that imitates parasympathetic nerve action

Question 8

three parts of breakdown of ACH from acetylcholinesterase

Answer 8

1- acetylcholine is broken down into acetate and choline
2-choline return back to presynaptic neuron
3. More acetylcholine is made

Question 9

what do cholinergic antagonists do

Answer 9

interrupt or block parasympathetic nerve impulses allows sympathetic nerve impulses to dominate

Question 10

what are the expected actions of cholinergic Agonist?

Answer 10

We would see parasympathetic signs and symptoms

Question 11

how does acetylcholinesterease work?

Answer 11

Indirectly by increasing the amount of ACH at the receptor sites, autonomic receptors, CNS receptors and neuromuscular Junctions.

Question 12

What actions can you expect from the acetylcholinesterase inhibitors?

Answer 12

An increase in parasympathetic nervous system increase contraction of the mm

Question 13

what happens in myasthenia gravis?

Answer 13

Normal each needed for contraction strength of muscle but the antibodies attack ACH receptors on muscle causing weakness and fatigue in the muscle drooping eyelids difficult to the a cheering and swallowing occur

Question 14

what is cholinergic overdose/crisis

Answer 14

caused by an overdose of indirect cholinergic medications or star and nerve gas, organophosphates insecticides. NeNe Leakes of ACH at the synapses reads too intense parasympathetic stimulation miosis, N/V, urinary incontinence, increase secretions, diarrhea leading to extreme muscle weakness, paralysis.

Question 15

Would you expect to happen to the body with a cholinergic antagonist drug?

Answer 15

Sympathetic nervous system responses

Question 16

What is the Main neurotransmitter in adrenergic transmission?

Answer 16

Norepinephrine

Question 17

where are alpha 1 receptor types found?

Answer 17

Capillaries in the nose, blood vessels in the body

Question 18

where are alpha 2 receptors found?

Answer 18

CNS and PNS actions all over

Question 19

where are beta 1 receptor types found?

Answer 19

In the heart and coronary vessels

Question 20

where are beta type 2 receptors found?

Answer 20

In the lungs and smooth muscle

Question 21

what do adrenergic drugs mimic?

Answer 21

Norepinephrine they can be non-selective and bind to Alpha and beta receptors at the same time or they can be selective and buying to selective receptor types alpha or beta

Question 22

do adrenergic Agonist drugs do?

Answer 22

Promote the action of norepinephrine effects that imitate sympathetic nerve action

Question 23

what do androgenic antagonist drugs do you?

Answer 23

Interrupt your block sympathetic nerve impulses allow parasympathetic nerve impulses to dominate

Question 24

what is the expected outcome of adrenergic Agonists?

Answer 24

Fight or flight response

Question 25

what are the three prototypes of the adrenergic Agonist

Answer 25

epinephrine (adrenalin), phenylephrine (neo synephrine), isoproterenol (isuprel)

Question 26

what will epinephrine do two blood vessels?

Answer 26

It will cause vasoconstriction and therefore increase cardiac output and will increase bronchodilation in the lungs. This will increase blood pressure and give the heart a jump start also help with the expansion of the lungs so that breathing will be more effective

Question 27

what is a concerning reading for hypotension?

Answer 27

Systolic of 90