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Pharmocology > Angina, blood clots... > Flashcards

Angina, blood clots... Flashcards

1
Q

Nitroglycerin adverse effects 2 you don’t know

A

Throbbing headache, Syncope

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2
Q

Nitroglycerin contraindications 3 you don’t know

A

Pericardial tamponade, constrictive pericarditis, glaucoma

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3
Q

Indications for Atenolol 4

A

HF, HTN, Stable angina, Post acute MI

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4
Q

Mechanism of action for atenolol

A

beta-adrenergic antagonist slows hr and contraactillity

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5
Q

CCB Indications 2

A

HTN, Coronary art disease

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6
Q

ccb mechanism of action

A

blocks calcium ch in smooth muscles and cardiac muscles, dilates coronary arts.

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7
Q

CCB Adverse effect 1

A

P edema

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8
Q

Atenolol contraindications

A

advanced AV heart block, decompensated HF

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9
Q

Heparin class 2

A

anticoagulant, indirect thrombin inhibitor

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10
Q

Heparin mechanism of action

A

binds to antithrombin lll, inhibits thrombin inactivates factor Xa

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11
Q

Heparin adverse effects 4

A

HIT, possible hypersensitivity because of animal source, osteoporosis if longer than 30 days. Skin lesions

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12
Q

Contraindications for anticoagulants

A

active internal bleeding, severe HTN, recent trauma, inter-cranial hem, bacterial endocarditis, hit

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13
Q

Heparin indications 5

A

Thromboembolic disease, DVT, unstable angina, MI, PE.

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14
Q

Warfarin- 3 things

A

Most popular, vit K antagonist avoid vit K War

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15
Q

Warfarin indications

A

Long term prophylaxis of arterial thromboembolism, Prevention of stroke/MI/AFIB, prophylaxis of DVT, PE, surgery, prosthetic heart valves.

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16
Q

Dabigatran Mechanism of action

A

direct thrombin inhib.

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17
Q

Dabigatran indications

A

non-valv A-fib

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18
Q

Warfarin therapeutic effect

A

3-4 days

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19
Q

What drugs have BBW?

A

Atenolol, Warfarin- Don’t stop immediately.

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20
Q

Warfarin AE

A

Purple toe syndrom

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21
Q

Look up labs

A

for warfarin and heparin

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22
Q

Warfarin Contraindication

A

Hepatic impairment and sever CKD.

23
Q

Dabigatran contraindications 2

A

mechanical heart valves, sever kidney disease.

24
Q

Digoxin class

A

Intropic, cardiac glycoside.

25
Q

Why use Digoxin ?

A

Patients not responding to Ace inhib. and need a better cardiac output.

26
Q

MA Digoxin

A

Inhibits NA+K+ATpase pump

27
Q

Digoxin AE 6

A

Dysrhythmias, hypokalemia, Hypercalcimia, renal problems, halos, malaise

28
Q

Digoxin Avoid

A

potassium

29
Q

When to hold meds digoxin

A

heart rate below 60

30
Q

Contraindications for digoxin 3

A

beers list, ace inhib spirolactone, K,

31
Q

Alteplase class

A

Thromobliytic, fibrinolytic

32
Q

Alteplase MA

A

Converts plasminogen to plasmin

33
Q

Alteplase contraindications

A

Intracranianial hemorrhage, cerebral legions, intracranial neoplasam, hemorrhagic stroke, dissection of aorta, active bleeding.

34
Q

aminocaproic acid class

A

Hemostatic, shortening bleeding time, antifibrinolytic,

35
Q

aminocaproic acid MA and one AE

A

Clots blood. Blocks sites on plasminogen and plasmin aprevents digestion of fibrin clot. can irritate veins.

36
Q

Nursing considerations for aminocaproic acid

A

Check IV site for thrombophletis, monitor CPK activity. report fever and discolored urine,

37
Q

Hemostatics what system?

A

Urinary

38
Q

Acetylsilic acid class and how long can it last?

A

Antiplatelet one week.

39
Q

Acetylsilic acid indications

A

MI prophylaxis, suspected coronary thrombosis before ER

40
Q

MA for Acetylsilic acid

A

binds to cyclooxygenase (COX) enzyme in platelets, inhibits platelet aggregation.

41
Q

AE of Acetylsilic acid

A 
Hypersensitivity bronchospasm, laryngeal edema, anaphylaxis
stomach irritation
GI bleed
thrombocytopenia 
Liver/kidney toxicity
 tinnitus
42
Q

thrombocytopenia considerations 2

A

hearing and renal function

43
Q

Contraindications for Acetylsalic acid

A

allergy/nasal polyps/asthma/ chronic rhinitis, acute bronco spasms, Vit K deficiency

44
Q

the ks three

A

Asprin-Can’t take if you have a VIT K deficiency
warfarrin -avoid VIT K
Digoxin- potassium reduces effects

45
Q

Clopidogrel Class

A

Antiplatelet, ADP receptor blocker

46
Q

Clopidogrel indication

A

prevention of arterial thromboembolism

47
Q

Clopidogrel MA

A

Inhibits ADP receptors on platelets

prolongs bleeding time irreversibly inhibits aggregation Can last several days! BLEEDING ISSUES-Not many AE

48
Q

Abciximab class

A

Antiplatelet, glycoprotein llbllla inhibitor.

49
Q

Abciximab indications

A

IV only. coronary angioplasty procedures, revascularization of arts.

50
Q

Abciximab MA

A

Binds to GP llb/llla receptor sites on platelets

Prevents fibrinogen von willebrand factor and other procoagulants from being activated.

51
Q

Labs for warfarrin

A

PT (prothrombin time) and INR

52
Q

Teaching for digoxin 3 others

A

report vision, saftey margin, long half life. and the others

53
Q

conditions that thrombolytics are used for

WHAT IS IT NOT USED FOR

A

MI, Stroke, declotting centeral lines, NOT FOR ANGINA

Pharmocology (9 decks)

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