PNS Flashcards
1
Q
Provide blood supply to the brain
A
CIRCLE OF WILLIS
2
Q
main artery of anterior circulation of Circle of willis
A
Internal carotid artery
3
Q
1st branch of ICA
A
Ophthalmic Artery
4
Q
Involved in asymptomatic stroke
A
ACA
5
Q
Lesion/Occlusion in ophthalmic A =
A
Monocular blindness/ Amaurosis Fugax
6
Q
Monocular blindness aka
A
Amaurosis Fugax:
7
Q
ACA supplies _________
A
medial side of frontal lobe and medial side of parietal lobe
8
Q
Terminal branch of ICA
A
MCA
9
Q
- Most common site of occlusion
- Most common artery affected for stroke
A
MCa
10
Q
LARGEST branch of ICA
A
MCA
11
Q
Lesion in _______: Urinary incontinence
A
ACA`
12
Q
MCA supplies:
A
- lateral frontal lobe - lateral parietal lobe - lateral temporal lobe
13
Q
Occlusion = Paralysis, hemianesthesia, hearing problems
MCA
ACA
PCA
A
MCA
14
Q
Face and Upper Ex are more affected
MCA
ACA
PCA
A
MCA
15
Q
Lenticulostriate Artery AKA
A
Lateral Striate Artery
16
Q
terminal branch of MCA
A
Lenticulostriate Artery
17
Q
Lenticulostriate Artery supplies
A
neostriatum
18
Q
neostriatum is made of
A
(caudate nucleus and putamen)
19
Q
Lateral Striate Artery supplies neostriatum and
A
posterior limb of internal capsule
20
Q
Lesion in posterior limb of internal capsule will cause ____
A
Pure Motor Stroke
21
Q
AKA: Medial Striate Artery
A
Recurrent Artery of Huebner
22
Q
Recurrent Artery of Huebner supplies ___
A
Globus Pallidus
23
Q
Recurrent Artery of Huebner supplies Globus P. and ___
A
Anterior limb of Internal Capsule
24
Q
lesion in Anterior limb of Internal Capsule will cause ___
A
Dysarthria clumsy hand syndrome:
25
what are affected in Dysarthria clumsy hand syndrome:
hands and mouth muscles
26
Arteries in POSTERIOR CIRCULATION OF CIRCLE OF WILLIS
R & L VA
PICA
Basilar = AICA, IAA, SCA, PCA
27
Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery (PICA) supplies ______
lateral medulla oblongata and cerebellum
28
Lesion/Occlusion in PICA will cause:
Wallenberg Syndrome
29
Wallenberg Syndrome aka
PICA syndrome/ Lateral medullary syndrome
30
First branch of basilar artery
AICA
31
AICA supplies
cerebellum and pons
32
Supplies: Inner ear
Internal Auditory Artery
33
Superior Cerebellar Artery (SCA) Supplies ______
midbrain and cerebellum
34
Superior Cerebellar Artery (SCA) cerebellum lesion will cause:
Balance problem/Ataxia, Nystagmus, Rebound phenomenon, delayed reaction time
35
Terminal branch of basilar artery
PCA
36
PCA supplies ____ & _____
- Occipital Lobe
- Medial and inferior part of temporal lobe
37
Medial temporal lobe deficit:
memory deficit
38
Medial temporal lobe Lesion:
Memory problem, visual problem
39
Branch of internal carotid artery which connects the anterior and posterior circulation
Posterior Communicating Artery
40
Components of COW:
1. (1) Anterior Communicating Artery
2. (2) Anterior Cerebral Arteries
3. (2) AICA
4. (2) Posterior Communicating Arteries- branch of internal carotid artery which connects the ant. And post. circulation
5. (2) Posterior Cerebral Arteries
41
Continuation of medulla oblongata once na lumagpas na sa foramen magnum.
Spinal cord
42
Diameter of Spinal cord
10-15mm
1-1.5 cm
43
Length of Spinal cord
17 inches
43 cm
44
Termination of SC:
- Adult: L1 vertebrae (L1-L2 kapag dalawa)
- Children: L3 vertebrae (l2 and l3 vertebrae kapag dalawa)
45
SC Tracts (descending):
CST
46
SC Tracts (ascending):
STT; DCP
47
Corticospinal Tract - decussates at the level of ____
medulla
48
CST is for ____ function
motor
49
SC tract Important for pain and temperature
Spinothalamic tract
50
Dorsal Column Pathway Aka
medial lemniscal pathway
51
sc tract Important for proprioception, 2-point discrimination, and vibration
Dorsal Column Pathway
52
PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM anatomical structures
1. Cranial Nerves
2. Spinal Nerves
53
Functional Divisions of PNS:
somatic, autonomic
54
Somatic Nervous System supplies ____
Skin, bones, joints, and skeletal muscles
55
Visceral Organs & Glands are supplied by ____
Autonomic Nervous System
56
Fight or flight response
Sympathetic Division
57
Rest and digest
Parasympathetic Division
58
Dilation of pupils, increase heart rate and blood pressure, peripheral vessels constrict, bronchodilation
Sympathetic Division
Parasympa
Sympathetic Division
59
Gutom, naglalaway, umiihi, nagjejebs
Parasympa
60
exit point of CN3,4,5V1,6
Superior orbital Fissure
61
exit point of CN 5V3
Foramen ovale
62
exit point of CN 7 and 8
Internal Acoustic Meatus
63
Jugular Foramen is where CN ____ exits
9,10,11
64
CN 1 exit point
Cribriform plate
65
cn 2 exit point
Optic canal
66
Pure Sensory Cranial Nerves
1, 2, 8
67
Parasympathetic CNs
10,9,7,3
68
Pure Motor CNs
3,4,6,11,12
69
Mixed Cranial Nerves
1975 (CN 10, 9, 7, 5)
70
CN 1 location
telencephalon
71
CNs located in the midbrain
3,4
72
CNs located in M.O.
7, 8. 9. 10, 11, 12
73
CNs located in Pons
5,6,7,8
74
CN 2 location
diencephalon
75
Most commonly contused CN
CN 1 - Olfactory Nerve
76
Fxn: Sense of sight
CN2 - optic
77
CN Involve in - Diabetes Mellitus
CN 3,6
78
CN Fxn: Sense of smell
cRANIAL NERVES 1- olfactory
79
may be affected in CSF Rhinorrhea
CN1
80
Lesion in cn1 may cause
ANosmia
81
CN that has Thickest myelin sheath
CN 2 optic
82
CN that is Not a true PN
CN 2
83
Lesion in optic nerve
I/L Monocular blindness
84
lesion in optic tract
C/L hemianopia
85
damage in CN 7,3,9
Argyll Roberson Pupil
86
damahged CN in myasthenia gravis
3,4,6
87
4 extraocular muscles supplied by Oculomotor nerve
- Superior Rectus - Inferior Rectus - Medial Rectus - Inferior Oblique
88
LEsion in cn3
strabismus
89
Internal strabismus AKA
medial strabismus/esotropia
90
external strabismus AKA
lateral strabismus/ exotropia
91
CN3 innervates ___
Levator Palpebrae Superioris
92
Levator Palpebrae Superioris is responsible for ____
80% of eye opening
93
mueller's muscle is responsioble for
20% of eye opening
94
weak lateral rectus:
Esotropia/exotropia
esotropia
95
Eyeball deviated to the lat. side
exotroopia
96
Longest intracranial nerve
CN 4 - Trochlear Nerve
97
thinnest CN
cn4
98
CN4 is The only crossed cranial nerve that arises from the
dorsal brain stem
99
CN4 supplies _____
superior oblique muscles
100
lesion in cn4 will cause
______
diplopia
101
damaged CN in horizontal diplopia
CN6
102
damaged CN in vertical diplopia
CN4
103
CN for mastication
CN5
104
Thickest and largest CN
CN5
105
Involved in Trigeminal Neuralgia
CN5
106
Trigeminal Neuralgia AKA
thick doloreux
107
CN5 supplies muscle of mastication namely:
- Temporalis - Internal pterygoid - Masseter - External pterygoid
108
Other muscles supplied by CN5 aside from TIME
- Mylohyoid - Anterior Digastric - Tensor Veli Palatini - Tensor Tympani
109
CN responsible for general Facial sensation
CN 5`
110
CN 6 - Abducens Nerve supplies
lateral rectus
111
lesion in CN6
Esotropia and Horizontal Diplopia
112
CN THAT supplies the muscles of facial expression
CN7 facial nerve
113
distaste muscle
procerus
114
Frowning muscle
Corrugator Supercilli
115
(Egad Muscle)
platisma
116
surprise muscle
Occipito frontalis
117
Grimace muscle
risorius
118
(true smile muscle
zygomatic major
119
(Kissing muscle)
orbicularis oris
120
other muscles supplied by CN7 aside from muscles of facial expression
- Posterior Digastric Muscle - Stapedius MS - Stylohyoid MS
121
sensory fxn of CN7
Taste sensation at the anterior ⅔ of the tongue
122
lesion of CN7
facial palsy
123
ALL are effects of lesion in CN8 except:
- Benign paroxysmal vertigo (balance problem)
- Tinnitus
- Meniere's disease
- Torticollis
- Nystagmus
- Ataxia
- Sensory neural hearing loss (permanent hearing loss)
- Torticollis
124
CN 9 - Glossopharyngeal Nerve innervates:
stylopharyngeus muscle
125
CN9 is responsible for ___
(sensory)
taste and general sensation at the posterior ⅓ of the tongue
126
Longest CN
CN10
127
CN10 supplies ___
(motor)
Palatoglossus
Uvula (ngala-ngala)
Phonation
128
CN 10 is responsible for sensation in ___
pharynx, larynx, and external pinna
129
LEsion in CN10
Vertebral artery syndrome
ICA syndrome
130
CN 11 - Spinal Accessory Nerve
- Motor fxn Supplies
trapezius
sternocleidomastoid
131
CN11
lesion in trapeszius will cause
lateral winging
of the scapula/ sliding door paralysis
132
cn11 may be destroyed due to a disease called ____
radical neck dissection
133
when SCM is damaged, it will lead to:
Torticollis
134
Exits in hypoglossal canal
CN12
135
CN12 supplies
intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the tongue
136
Extrinsic muscles of the tongue:
Palatoglossus
Genioglossus
Hyoglossus
Styloglossus
137
protrusion of tongue
genioglossus
138
depression of tongue
Hypoglossus
139
retraction/ curling upward and backward of tongue
styloglossus
140
elevation of tongue
palatoglossus innervated by cn10
141
spinal nerves that Carries motor information
ventral root
142
spinal nerves that carries sensory info
dorsal root
143
dermatome C2
occiput
144
dermatome c4
acromion process
145
dermatome c6
thumb index finger lateral forearm
146
dermatome middle finger
c7
147
dermatome c3
supraclavicular fossa
148
dermatome t1
medial anterior (?) cubital fossa
149
dermatome t2
apex of axilla
150
dermatome t4
nipple line
151
dermatome in xiphoid process
t6
152
dermatome t10
umbillicus
153
dermatome in inguinal ligament
t12
154
dermatome l1
below inguinal
155
dermatome l2
medial thigh
156
dermatome l3
medial femoral condyle
157
l4 dermatome
medial maleolus
158
l5 dermatome
3rd mpp joint
159
dermatome
S1
S2
S3
S1 - lateral heel S2 - popliteal fossa S3 - ischial tuberosity
160
Myotomes
C5
C6
C7
C8
T1
L2
L3
L4
L5
S1
Myotomes
C5 - Shoulder abd, ex-rot elbow-flexion
C6 - wrist ext
C7 - APB, triceps
C8- FCR, FPL, FDP, FDP
T1 - interrosei muscles
L2 - hip flexion
L3 - knee extension
L4 - ankle dorsiflexion
L5 - big toe extension
S1 - lahat ng patalikod (sipa backwards)
