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OT Sem 2 > PNS > Flashcards

PNS Flashcards

1
Q

Provide blood supply to the brain

A

CIRCLE OF WILLIS

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2
Q

main artery of anterior circulation of Circle of willis

A

Internal carotid artery

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3
Q

1st branch of ICA

A

Ophthalmic Artery

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4
Q

Involved in asymptomatic stroke

A

ACA

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5
Q

Lesion/Occlusion in ophthalmic A =

A

Monocular blindness/ Amaurosis Fugax

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6
Q

Monocular blindness aka

A

Amaurosis Fugax:

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7
Q

ACA supplies _________

A

medial side of frontal lobe and medial side of parietal lobe

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8
Q

Terminal branch of ICA

A

MCA

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9
Q
  • Most common site of occlusion
  • Most common artery affected for stroke
A

MCa

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10
Q

LARGEST branch of ICA

A

MCA

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11
Q

Lesion in _______: Urinary incontinence

A

ACA`

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12
Q

MCA supplies:

A
  • lateral frontal lobe - lateral parietal lobe - lateral temporal lobe
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13
Q

Occlusion = Paralysis, hemianesthesia, hearing problems

MCA
ACA
PCA

A

MCA

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14
Q

Face and Upper Ex are more affected

MCA
ACA
PCA

A

MCA

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15
Q

Lenticulostriate Artery AKA

A

Lateral Striate Artery

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16
Q

terminal branch of MCA

A

Lenticulostriate Artery

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17
Q

Lenticulostriate Artery supplies

A

neostriatum

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18
Q

neostriatum is made of

A

(caudate nucleus and putamen)

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19
Q

Lateral Striate Artery supplies neostriatum and

A

posterior limb of internal capsule

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20
Q

Lesion in posterior limb of internal capsule will cause ____

A

Pure Motor Stroke

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21
Q

AKA: Medial Striate Artery

A

Recurrent Artery of Huebner

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22
Q

Recurrent Artery of Huebner supplies ___

A

Globus Pallidus

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23
Q

Recurrent Artery of Huebner supplies Globus P. and ___

A

Anterior limb of Internal Capsule

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24
Q

lesion in Anterior limb of Internal Capsule will cause ___

A

Dysarthria clumsy hand syndrome:

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25
Q

what are affected in Dysarthria clumsy hand syndrome:

A

hands and mouth muscles

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26
Q

Arteries in POSTERIOR CIRCULATION OF CIRCLE OF WILLIS

A

R & L VA
PICA
Basilar = AICA, IAA, SCA, PCA

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27
Q

Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery (PICA) supplies ______

A

lateral medulla oblongata and cerebellum

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28
Q

Lesion/Occlusion in PICA will cause:

A

Wallenberg Syndrome

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29
Q

Wallenberg Syndrome aka

A

PICA syndrome/ Lateral medullary syndrome

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30
Q

First branch of basilar artery

A

AICA

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31
Q

AICA supplies

A

cerebellum and pons

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32
Q

Supplies: Inner ear

A

Internal Auditory Artery

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33
Q

Superior Cerebellar Artery (SCA) Supplies ______

A

midbrain and cerebellum

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34
Q

Superior Cerebellar Artery (SCA) cerebellum lesion will cause:

A

Balance problem/Ataxia, Nystagmus, Rebound phenomenon, delayed reaction time

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35
Q

Terminal branch of basilar artery

A

PCA

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36
Q

PCA supplies ____ & _____

A
  • Occipital Lobe
  • Medial and inferior part of temporal lobe
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37
Q

Medial temporal lobe deficit:

A

memory deficit

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38
Q

Medial temporal lobe Lesion:

A

Memory problem, visual problem

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39
Q

Branch of internal carotid artery which connects the anterior and posterior circulation

A

Posterior Communicating Artery

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40
Q

Components of COW:

A
  1. (1) Anterior Communicating Artery
  2. (2) Anterior Cerebral Arteries
  3. (2) AICA
  4. (2) Posterior Communicating Arteries- branch of internal carotid artery which connects the ant. And post. circulation
  5. (2) Posterior Cerebral Arteries
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41
Q

Continuation of medulla oblongata once na lumagpas na sa foramen magnum.

A

Spinal cord

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42
Q

Diameter of Spinal cord

A

10-15mm
1-1.5 cm

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43
Q

Length of Spinal cord

A

17 inches
43 cm

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44
Q

Termination of SC:

A
  • Adult: L1 vertebrae (L1-L2 kapag dalawa)
  • Children: L3 vertebrae (l2 and l3 vertebrae kapag dalawa)
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45
Q

SC Tracts (descending):

A

CST

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46
Q

SC Tracts (ascending):

A

STT; DCP

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47
Q

Corticospinal Tract - decussates at the level of ____

A

medulla

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48
Q

CST is for ____ function

A

motor

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49
Q

SC tract Important for pain and temperature

A

Spinothalamic tract

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50
Q

Dorsal Column Pathway Aka

A

medial lemniscal pathway

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51
Q

sc tract Important for proprioception, 2-point discrimination, and vibration

A

Dorsal Column Pathway

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52
Q

PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM anatomical structures

A
  1. Cranial Nerves
  2. Spinal Nerves
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53
Q

Functional Divisions of PNS:

A

somatic, autonomic

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54
Q

Somatic Nervous System supplies ____

A

Skin, bones, joints, and skeletal muscles

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55
Q

Visceral Organs & Glands are supplied by ____

A

Autonomic Nervous System

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56
Q

Fight or flight response

A

Sympathetic Division

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57
Q

Rest and digest

A

Parasympathetic Division

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58
Q

Dilation of pupils, increase heart rate and blood pressure, peripheral vessels constrict, bronchodilation

Sympathetic Division
Parasympa

A

Sympathetic Division

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59
Q

Gutom, naglalaway, umiihi, nagjejebs

A

Parasympa

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60
Q

exit point of CN3,4,5V1,6

A

Superior orbital Fissure

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61
Q

exit point of CN 5V3

A

Foramen ovale

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62
Q

exit point of CN 7 and 8

A

Internal Acoustic Meatus

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63
Q

Jugular Foramen is where CN ____ exits

A

9,10,11

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64
Q

CN 1 exit point

A

Cribriform plate

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65
Q

cn 2 exit point

A

Optic canal

66
Q

Pure Sensory Cranial Nerves

A

1, 2, 8

67
Q

Parasympathetic CNs

A

10,9,7,3

68
Q

Pure Motor CNs

A

3,4,6,11,12

69
Q

Mixed Cranial Nerves

A

1975 (CN 10, 9, 7, 5)

70
Q

CN 1 location

A

telencephalon

71
Q

CNs located in the midbrain

A

3,4

72
Q

CNs located in M.O.

A

7, 8. 9. 10, 11, 12

73
Q

CNs located in Pons

A

5,6,7,8

74
Q

CN 2 location

A

diencephalon

75
Q

Most commonly contused CN

A

CN 1 - Olfactory Nerve

76
Q

Fxn: Sense of sight

A

CN2 - optic

77
Q

CN Involve in - Diabetes Mellitus

A

CN 3,6

78
Q

CN Fxn: Sense of smell

A

cRANIAL NERVES 1- olfactory

79
Q

may be affected in CSF Rhinorrhea

A

CN1

80
Q

Lesion in cn1 may cause

A

ANosmia

81
Q

CN that has Thickest myelin sheath

A

CN 2 optic

82
Q

CN that is Not a true PN

A

CN 2

83
Q

Lesion in optic nerve

A

I/L Monocular blindness

84
Q

lesion in optic tract

A

C/L hemianopia

85
Q

damage in CN 7,3,9

A

Argyll Roberson Pupil

86
Q

damahged CN in myasthenia gravis

A

3,4,6

87
Q

4 extraocular muscles supplied by Oculomotor nerve

A
  • Superior Rectus - Inferior Rectus - Medial Rectus - Inferior Oblique
88
Q

LEsion in cn3

A

strabismus

89
Q

Internal strabismus AKA

A

medial strabismus/esotropia

90
Q

external strabismus AKA

A

lateral strabismus/ exotropia

91
Q

CN3 innervates ___

A

Levator Palpebrae Superioris

92
Q

Levator Palpebrae Superioris is responsible for ____

A

80% of eye opening

93
Q

mueller’s muscle is responsioble for

A

20% of eye opening

94
Q

weak lateral rectus:

Esotropia/exotropia

A

esotropia

95
Q

Eyeball deviated to the lat. side

A

exotroopia

96
Q

Longest intracranial nerve

A

CN 4 - Trochlear Nerve

97
Q

thinnest CN

A

cn4

98
Q

CN4 is The only crossed cranial nerve that arises from the

A

dorsal brain stem

99
Q

CN4 supplies _____

A

superior oblique muscles

100
Q

lesion in cn4 will cause
______

A

diplopia

101
Q

damaged CN in horizontal diplopia

A

CN6

102
Q

damaged CN in vertical diplopia

A

CN4

103
Q

CN for mastication

A

CN5

104
Q

Thickest and largest CN

A

CN5

105
Q

Involved in Trigeminal Neuralgia

A

CN5

106
Q

Trigeminal Neuralgia AKA

A

thick doloreux

107
Q

CN5 supplies muscle of mastication namely:

A
  • Temporalis - Internal pterygoid - Masseter - External pterygoid
108
Q

Other muscles supplied by CN5 aside from TIME

A
  • Mylohyoid - Anterior Digastric - Tensor Veli Palatini - Tensor Tympani
109
Q

CN responsible for general Facial sensation

A

CN 5`

110
Q

CN 6 - Abducens Nerve supplies

A

lateral rectus

111
Q

lesion in CN6

A

Esotropia and Horizontal Diplopia

112
Q

CN THAT supplies the muscles of facial expression

A

CN7 facial nerve

113
Q

distaste muscle

A

procerus

114
Q

Frowning muscle

A

Corrugator Supercilli

115
Q

(Egad Muscle)

A

platisma

116
Q

surprise muscle

A

Occipito frontalis

117
Q

Grimace muscle

A

risorius

118
Q

(true smile muscle

A

zygomatic major

119
Q

(Kissing muscle)

A

orbicularis oris

120
Q

other muscles supplied by CN7 aside from muscles of facial expression

A
  • Posterior Digastric Muscle - Stapedius MS - Stylohyoid MS
121
Q

sensory fxn of CN7

A

Taste sensation at the anterior ⅔ of the tongue

122
Q

lesion of CN7

A

facial palsy

123
Q

ALL are effects of lesion in CN8 except:

  • Benign paroxysmal vertigo (balance problem)
  • Tinnitus
  • Meniere’s disease
  • Torticollis
  • Nystagmus
  • Ataxia
  • Sensory neural hearing loss (permanent hearing loss)
A
  • Torticollis
124
Q

CN 9 - Glossopharyngeal Nerve innervates:

A

stylopharyngeus muscle

125
Q

CN9 is responsible for ___

(sensory)

A

taste and general sensation at the posterior ⅓ of the tongue

126
Q

Longest CN

A

CN10

127
Q

CN10 supplies ___

(motor)

A

Palatoglossus
Uvula (ngala-ngala)
Phonation

128
Q

CN 10 is responsible for sensation in ___

A

pharynx, larynx, and external pinna

129
Q

LEsion in CN10

A

Vertebral artery syndrome
ICA syndrome

130
Q

CN 11 - Spinal Accessory Nerve

  • Motor fxn Supplies
A

trapezius
sternocleidomastoid

131
Q

CN11

lesion in trapeszius will cause

A

lateral winging
of the scapula/ sliding door paralysis

132
Q

cn11 may be destroyed due to a disease called ____

A

radical neck dissection

133
Q

when SCM is damaged, it will lead to:

A

Torticollis

134
Q

Exits in hypoglossal canal

A

CN12

135
Q

CN12 supplies

A

intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the tongue

136
Q

Extrinsic muscles of the tongue:

A

Palatoglossus
Genioglossus
Hyoglossus
Styloglossus

137
Q

protrusion of tongue

A

genioglossus

138
Q

depression of tongue

A

Hypoglossus

139
Q

retraction/ curling upward and backward of tongue

A

styloglossus

140
Q

elevation of tongue

A

palatoglossus innervated by cn10

141
Q

spinal nerves that Carries motor information

A

ventral root

142
Q

spinal nerves that carries sensory info

A

dorsal root

143
Q

dermatome C2

A

occiput

144
Q

dermatome c4

A

acromion process

145
Q

dermatome c6

A

thumb index finger lateral forearm

146
Q

dermatome middle finger

A

c7

147
Q

dermatome c3

A

supraclavicular fossa

148
Q

dermatome t1

A

medial anterior (?) cubital fossa

149
Q

dermatome t2

A

apex of axilla

150
Q

dermatome t4

A

nipple line

151
Q

dermatome in xiphoid process

A

t6

152
Q

dermatome t10

A

umbillicus

153
Q

dermatome in inguinal ligament

A

t12

154
Q

dermatome l1

A

below inguinal

155
Q

dermatome l2

A

medial thigh

156
Q

dermatome l3

A

medial femoral condyle

157
Q

l4 dermatome

A

medial maleolus

158
Q

l5 dermatome

A

3rd mpp joint

159
Q

dermatome
S1
S2
S3

A

S1 - lateral heel S2 - popliteal fossa S3 - ischial tuberosity

160
Q

Myotomes
C5
C6
C7
C8
T1
L2
L3
L4
L5
S1

A

Myotomes
C5 - Shoulder abd, ex-rot elbow-flexion
C6 - wrist ext
C7 - APB, triceps
C8- FCR, FPL, FDP, FDP
T1 - interrosei muscles
L2 - hip flexion
L3 - knee extension
L4 - ankle dorsiflexion
L5 - big toe extension
S1 - lahat ng patalikod (sipa backwards)

OT Sem 2 (9 decks)

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