LE orthoses Flashcards
Foundation of the LE Orthosis
Can reduce areas of concentrated pressure
SHOE
For protection of foot (part of shoe)
WELT
2 parts of Sole
inner sole; outer sole
Widest part of the sole; Fulcrum for “Push off”
BALL
ball corresponds to the area beneath the
_______
metatarsal heads
● Area between sole and the anterior border
of the heel
● Narrowest part of the shoe
SHANK
preferably corrugated metal which reinforces the shank area
SHANK PIECE/STEEL SHANK/Rigid strip
Space between the anterior portion of the
sole and the floor; Reduces wrinkling of the upper part of the shoe
TOE SPRING
Facilitates “toe off”
TOE SPRING
2 parts of heel
proximal; distal
4 types of heel height
spring; oxford; military; cuban
○ Lowest heel; 1/8 inch high
○ (-) heel breast
Spring
Oxford Heel- ______ inch high
6/8 to 8/8
10/8 inches high
Military Heel
used heel For most orthopedic purposes
cuban
Inclination of the posterior surface of the
heel from the vertical
PITCH OF THE HEEL
Portion of the shoe above the sole
UPPER
type of quarter Below lateral or medial malleolus
low
HIGH QUARTER/HIGH SHOE aka _____
boot
for the laces contained in the laces stays
EYELETS
● Guards the dorsum of the toes against
trauma from falling objects, protects the tips
of the toes from stubbing against furniture,
rocks and other obstacles
● Preserves the shape of the vamp
● Enlarged to accommodate toe deformities
toe box
Reinforcement that preserves the shape of
the shoe in the area of the anatomic heel.
counter
5 shoe lasts
regular, straight, outflare, inflare, custom
Must accommodate every deformed
and tender area of the foot
custom
Adducts the juvenile foot
inflare
Influences the ease of donning and doffing
and the amount of adjustability of the shoe
throat
○ Most common design
○ Has a loose anterior margin of the lace
stays
○ Provides substantial opening which
facilitates donning and offers a greater
degree of adjustment
○ MC for orthopedic shoes
Blutcher Opening
○ If donning is not a problem
○ Has stitched down vamps that cover
the forward edges of the quarter
○ Not possible to open the shoe widely
over the forefoot
○ A.k.a. Balthroat
○ Covers most of quarter area
○ E.g., Black leather shoes na walang tali
Balmoral
○ Lace stay extends to the toe
○ Ak.a. “surgical boot” or “greatest heels
of the knee”
○ Easiest to don (i.e., after foot surgery)
because the patients’ toes may be
exposed fully
○ May have a high or low quarter
lace to toe
● Interposed between outer sole and
thinned regular heel
● Soft rubber absorbs the impact
reducing stress on heel and ankle
CUSHION HEEL
SACH
Solid Ankle Cushion
Heel
WEDGE Designed to rotate the hindfoot in
inversion
MEDIAL heel wedge
inversion/adduction/supination
Varus
eversion/abduction/pronation
valgus
Extension of medial heel breast
Maintains medial longitudinal arch
Thomas Heel
● Extended lateral heel breast
● Supports the lateral longitudinal arch
reverse thomas
● Layer of firm material is added to the heel
as compensation for leg length discrepancy
or fixed equinus deformity
● If LLD< 1 inch
HEEL ELEVATION
● Consists of a firm material with
skived anterior and posterior edges
placed across the sole
● Usually placed behind MT heads/ball
of the sole
● Transfers the pressure off of the MT
heads to the shafts
+to facilitate roll over
rocker bar
Flatter compared to rocker bar, less
assistance to roll over.
METATARSAL BAR
● Spring steel inserted between the
outer and inner soles of a shoe
● ⅛ inch. thick, 1.5 cm wide
● Prevents motion in anterior portion
of the sole, thereby reducing stress
at the phalanges and MTs
Steel sole bar
Crescent-shaped resilient pad
placed behind the 2nd to 4th toes
Loop is inserted to the 3rd toe
toe crest
gap between MT
heads and toes
Hallux sulcus
● Removable appliance that is placed in the
shoe
● Inserts
● Often contoured to provide MLA support
● Anterior convexity to support the MT arch
and relieves pressure on MT heads
FOOT ORTHOSES
