Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

year 2 > PNF > Flashcards

PNF Flashcards

0
Q

purpose of PNF (and some buzz words)

and what we are trying to tap into

A

increase functional carry over- restore spiral, reciprocal, dynamic diagonal movements

“tapping into pts untapped potential”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

PNF definitions

A

system of exercise used to influence proprioceptors to influence motor output

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

irradiation
def
how we use it

A

def: overflow

we use it by keeping resistance => other MU are recruited

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

successive induction

def

A

once a contraction starts, the next contraction or reciprocal contraction are easier to recruit

agonist working => antagonist working better

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

reciprocal innervation/ inhibition

def

A

during contraction, antagonist has to relax

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

4 types of muscle contractions

and describe them

A

isotonic:
1. concentric = shortening
2. eccentric = lengthening
3. maintained isotonic*= blocked isotonic
tell the pt to keep pushing against resistance and when u remove resistance, a lot of resistance occurs

isometric = stabilizing contraction, no change in length

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

9 basic techniques of PNF

A
  1. body position and body mechanics (of PT and pt)
  2. manual contacts
  3. appropriate resistance
  4. verbal commands
  5. stretch
  6. traction or approximation
  7. vision
  8. timing
  9. pattern
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what does appropriate resistance do for us?

A

helps bring in muscle spindle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

stretch helps 3 things…

must be accompanied by… to make it effective (2)

taps into…

A
  1. initiate movement
  2. redirect movement
  3. sustain movement
*must be accompanied by:
verbal command (timing)
followed by resisting the movement we want them to do

taps into monosynaptic myotatic reflex (alpha motorneuron)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

when do we do traction vs. approximation?

what is their purpose?

A

traction: usually done during movement, helps increase movement
approximation: done before movement, done for stability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

2 types of timing

A
  1. normal
  2. timing for emphasis => maintained isotonic
    block stronger movement to facilitate weaker components of a movement
    block part of movement and continue other movement. irridation occurs
    can be distal -> prox or prox -> distal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

how does vision help? (3, at least)

A

increases movement
increases wt shifting
increases trunk rotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

goal of special techniques

A

smooth and coordinated movement with normal postural control.

aka task specific training with optimal posture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

rhythmic initiation
movement pattern (3)
purpose (4)

A

PROM -> AAROM -> appropriate resistance

purpose:

  1. evauluate arc of motion, tone and patients ability to complete arc
  2. give pt sense of movement
  3. relax pt
  4. muscle re-education => successive induction
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

isotonic reversals = dynamic reversals
movement pattern
purpose (5)

A

reciprocal pattern
isotonic contractions thru entire arc with appropriate resistance; can do maintained isotonic or isometric at any point in range
can use quick stretch as needed

purpose:

  1. facilitate coordinated, reciprocal movement
  2. improve smooth reversal of movement direction
  3. facilitate agonist/antagonist pairs
  4. prevent/relieve fatigue (increase endurance)
  5. increase AROM
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

combination of isotonics
movement pattern
when do i do these?
purpose (2)

A

use eccentric, concentric and maintained isotonic in 1 direction of given diagonal
*maintained isotonic is used when there is a weakness in arc of movement, allows MU recruitment
* at strong part give resistance
do these at various parts of movement for small arcs

purpose

  1. mimic ADL
  2. train pt to transition among types of contractions
17
Q

when are maintained isotonics used? why?

A

weak point in the range, this allows time for full MU recruitment

18
Q

relaxation techniques (4)

A
  1. contract relax
  2. hold relax
  3. slow reversals
  4. rhythmic rotation
19
Q

contract relax
definition
purpose (2)

A

definition: technique which employs a reciprocal inhibition and GTO inhibition to stretch a limitation w/i a pattern

purpose:
1. lengthen muscle or muscle groups
2. relax spasm

20
Q

contract relax technique (3)

VC (for contraction)

A
  1. ask pt to contract agonist or antagonist against resistance -“push”
  2. pt relaxes completely while therapist supports limb
  3. AROM/ PROM into new range against resistance
21
Q

hold relax technique
definition
purpose
technique (4) & VC

A

definition- use of isometric contraction to lengthen a muscle or muscle group in a pattern

purpose- relax muscles

technique:

  1. take part to end range in pattern
  2. ask pt to isometrically contract agonists or antagonists while therapist resists all movements “hold”
  3. pt relaxes completely
  4. pt moves into new range against less resistance or passively
22
Q

difference btwn contract relax & hold relax

A

contract relax = is blocked isotonic, tell pt to “push”

hold relax = isometric, tell pt to hold “hold”

23
Q

slow reversal hold relax

technique (3)

A
  1. maintained isotonic at end range, then isometric at end range in same direction
    (push => hold)
  2. relax
  3. isotonic with light resistance into new range
24
Q

hold relax active motion
purpose (3)
technique (3)

A

purpose:
1. strength at end range
2. decrease muscle imbalances
3. improve endurance

technique:

  1. isometric at end range
  2. therapist passively takes part to start of diagonal
  3. pt performs isotonic contraction with appropriate resistance through full diagonal- using the same muscle group as did with isometric
25
Q

3 techniques for reversals of antagonists

A
  1. isotonic reversals (dynamic reversals)
  2. stabilizing reversals
  3. rhythmic stabilization
26
Q

stabilizing reversals
characterizatio
purpose (3)
indications (4)

A

characterization: alternating isotonic contractions with appropriate resistance

goals:

  1. increase stability and balance
  2. increase muscle strength
  3. increase coordination btwn agonist and antagonist

indications:

  1. decreased stability
  2. weakness
  3. patient is unable to contract muscle isometrically and needs resistance in 1 way direction
27
Q

stabilizing reversals

technique (2)

A
  1. therapist gives resistance in stronger direction- blocked isotonic so “push into me”
  2. when pt is fully resisting, switch hand and give resistance in another direction
28
Q

rhythmic stabilization
characterization
goals (4)
indications (4)

A

characterization: resisting isometric contractions (dont let me move u)

goals:

  1. increase A & PROM
  2. increase strength
  3. increase stability & balance
  4. decrease pain

indications:

  1. limited ROM
  2. weakness in antagonist muscle group
  3. decreased balance
  4. pain when motion is attempted
  5. joint instability
29
Q

rhythmic stabilization

technique (5)

A
  1. resist isometric contraction of agonistic muscle group
  2. resistance increased as pt builds matching force
  3. when pt is fully responding, therapist moves hand and begins resisting antagonistic motion at distal part
  4. new resistance builds up slowly, then therapist goes to new antagonist resistance
  5. use traction and approximation as needed
30
Q

repeated stretch techniques (2)

A
  1. repeated stretch from beginning of range

2. repeated stretch thru range

31
Q

learning sequence definition

A

set of postures and movements that progressively develop motor skills as the nervous system matures or heals

32
Q

learning sequence purposes (3)

A
  1. increase variety of movement
  2. reduce fear and improve learning environment
  3. allow integration of basic and advance motor patterns
33
Q

evaluation (4)

A
  1. handling and observation (we constantly evaluate with our hands thru all motions)
  2. determine missing components
  3. train missing components
  4. re-check entire task
34
Q

PNF patterns of scap and pelvis (2)

A
  1. anterior elevation/ posterior depression

2. posterior elevation/ anterior depression

35
Q

LE PNF patterns
named for… and paired with…
D1 flexion
D1 extension

A

named for hip components,

D1 flexion: flexion, aDduction, ER
      ankle: DF, invert
      toes: Ext ab
 D1 paired with pelvis (1) => anterior elevation of pelvis
D1 extension: extension aBduction, IR
36
Q

D2 LE PNF patterns
named for… and paired with…

D2 flexion
D2 extension

A

D2 flexion: flexion aBduction, IR
ankle: DF evert
toes: ext, aD
D2 paired with pelvis (2) => posterior elevation of pelvis

D2 extension: extension, aDduction, ER

37
Q

D1 UE PNF patterns
named for…. paired with
D1 flexion
D1 extension

A

named for GH components, matched with scapula => D1 = anterior elevation

D1 flexion= flexion, adduction, ER
forearm= supinated
wrist = radi dev, flexion
fingers = flex, add

D1 extension= extension, aBduction, IR

38
Q

D2 UE PNF patterns
named for…. paired with
D2 flexion
D2 extension

A

named for GH components, matched with scapula => D2 = posteriorelevation

D2 flexion= flexion, aBduction, IR
forearm= supinated
wrist = radi dev, extended
fingers = extended, add

D2 extension= extension, adduction, ER

year 2 (24 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions