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PNCRS Flashcards

1
Q

Exocrine Pancreas percentage of pancreatic mass

a. 2%
b. 4%
c. 10%
d. 85%

A

D

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2
Q

what percentage of the pancreatic mass is the Extracellular matrix?

a. 2%
b. 4%
c. 10%
d. 85%

A

C

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3
Q

What percentage of the pancreatic mass is the Endocrine Pancreas

a. 2%
b. 4%
c. 10%
d. 85%

A

A

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4
Q

What percentage of the pancreatic mass are vessels and duct

a. 2%
b. 4%
c. 10%
d. 85%

A

B

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5
Q

Up to what percentage of the pancreas can you resect?

A

50-60%

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6
Q

production rate of exocrine pancreas

A

1-2L/day

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7
Q

pH of exocrine pancreas

A

pH 8.0-8.3

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8
Q

most common cause of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency in human

A

cystic fibrosis

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9
Q

second most common cause of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency

A

Schwachman-Diamond Syndrome

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10
Q

symptoms of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency

A 
malabsorption
malnutrition
vitamin deficiency
weight loss
inability to gain weight 
steatorrhea
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11
Q

Beta cell

a. Insulin
b. Glucagon
c. Somatostatin
d. Pancreatic Polypeptide cells

A

A

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12
Q

Delta Cell

a. Insulin
b. Glucagon
c. Somatostatin
d. Pancreatic Polypeptide cells

A

C

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13
Q

Alpha cell

a. Insulin
b. Glucagon
c. Somatostatin
d. Pancreatic Polypeptide cells

A

B

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14
Q

PP cells

a. Insulin
b. Glucagon
c. Somatostatin
d. Pancreatic Polypeptide cells

A

D

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15
Q

Which is exposed to higher concentration of islet cell hormones

a. acini
b. peripheral tissue

A

A

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16
Q

Decreased gluconeogenesis, glycogenolysis, fatty acid breakdown, and ketogenesis

a. Insulin
b. Glucagon
c. Somatostatin
d. Pancreatic Polypeptide cells
e. Amylin

17
Q

Epsilon cell

a. pancreatic polypeptide
b. Amylin
c. Pancreastatin
d. Ghrelin

18
Q

produced by the beta cell

a. insulin
b. pancreastatin
c. amylin
d. AOTA

19
Q

Inhibits GI secretion

a. pancreatic polypeptide
b. Amylin
c. Pancreastatin
d. Ghrelin
e. somatostatin
f. glucagon

20
Q

Opposite effects of insulin, increased hepatic glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis

a. pancreatic polypeptide
b. Amylin
c. Pancreastatin
d. Ghrelin
e. somatostatin
f. glucagon

21
Q

Inhibits pancreatic exocrine secretion and section of insulin

a. pancreatic polypeptide
b. Amylin
c. Pancreastatin
d. Ghrelin
e. somatostatin
f. glucagon

22
Q

Counterregulates insulin secretion and function

a. pancreatic polypeptide
b. Amylin
c. Pancreastatin
d. Ghrelin
e. somatostatin
f. glucagon

23
Q

Decrease insulin and somatostatin release, increase glucagon release, decreases pancreatic exocrine secretion

a. pancreatic polypeptide
b. Amylin
c. Pancreastatin
d. Ghrelin
e. somatostatin
f. glucagon

24
Q

An inflammatory disease of the pancreas than is associated with little or no fibrosis of the gland

A

Acute pancreatitis

25
What is the most common cause of acute pancreatitis
Biliary tract disease
26
Hypothesis that states: bile flow into the pancreatic duct behind an impacted gallstone would trigger the onset of acute pancreatitis.
Common channel hypothesis
27
Mechanism of alcohol acute pancreatitis (4)
SIDI “Secretion with Blockage” Mechanism Incease Ductal Permeability Dec Pancreatic Blood flow Improper enzyme Leaking to surrounding tissue
28
What percentage of pancreatitis ave pancreatic carcinoma
1-2%
29
Which types of hyperlipoproteinemia can experience episodes of abdominal pain?
Types I and V
30
Drugs associated with acute pancreatitis (4)
FETS Furosemide Estrogen replacement Thiazide diuretics Steroid therapy
31
Infections associated with pancreatitis
MCM Mumps Coxsackievirus Mycoplasma
32
True about etiology of pancreatitis a. caused by hypertriglyceridemia but not by hypercholesterolemia b. Serum triglycerides must rise above 500 mg/mL c. types I, II, II are associated with pancreatitis d. Secondary hypertriglyceridemia can be caused by oral contraceptives
A b - 1000 mg/mL c - Types I, IV, V d - Secondary hypertriglyceridemia: loop and thiazide diuretics, tamoxifen, retinoids, beta blockers
33
Level of serum lipase to diagnose acute pancreatitis
>3 times of normal level
34
Sensitivity and specificity of serum lipase (cameron)
100%
35
False positive results for serum amylase (other disease conditions: 3)
SIP Small bowel obstruction intra-abdominal inflammatory conditions Perforated duodenal ulcer
36
Gold standard for acute pancratitis imaging
Contrast-Enhanced CT scan
37
Indications for Contrast enhanced CT
1. Suspected of Diagnosis 2. Acute Pancreatitis , that Clinically did not improved in 48-72 hr 3. Suspected of Complication from Acute pancreatitis

SRGRY3 (44 decks)

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