PNCRS Flashcards by 18 22 | Brainscape

Q

Exocrine Pancreas percentage of pancreatic mass

a. 2%
b. 4%
c. 10%
d. 85%

A

D

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Q

what percentage of the pancreatic mass is the Extracellular matrix?

a. 2%
b. 4%
c. 10%
d. 85%

A

C

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Q

What percentage of the pancreatic mass is the Endocrine Pancreas

a. 2%
b. 4%
c. 10%
d. 85%

A

A

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Q

What percentage of the pancreatic mass are vessels and duct

a. 2%
b. 4%
c. 10%
d. 85%

A

B

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Q

Up to what percentage of the pancreas can you resect?

A

50-60%

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Q

production rate of exocrine pancreas

A

1-2L/day

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Q

pH of exocrine pancreas

A

pH 8.0-8.3

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Q

most common cause of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency in human

A

cystic fibrosis

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Q

second most common cause of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency

A

Schwachman-Diamond Syndrome

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Q

symptoms of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency

A

malabsorption
malnutrition
vitamin deficiency
weight loss
inability to gain weight 
steatorrhea

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Q

Beta cell

a. Insulin
b. Glucagon
c. Somatostatin
d. Pancreatic Polypeptide cells

A

A

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Q

Delta Cell

a. Insulin
b. Glucagon
c. Somatostatin
d. Pancreatic Polypeptide cells

A

C

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Q

Alpha cell

a. Insulin
b. Glucagon
c. Somatostatin
d. Pancreatic Polypeptide cells

A

B

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Q

PP cells

a. Insulin
b. Glucagon
c. Somatostatin
d. Pancreatic Polypeptide cells

A

D

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Q

Which is exposed to higher concentration of islet cell hormones

a. acini
b. peripheral tissue

A

A

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Q

Decreased gluconeogenesis, glycogenolysis, fatty acid breakdown, and ketogenesis

a. Insulin
b. Glucagon
c. Somatostatin
d. Pancreatic Polypeptide cells
e. Amylin

A

A

Q

Epsilon cell

a. pancreatic polypeptide
b. Amylin
c. Pancreastatin
d. Ghrelin

A

D

Q

produced by the beta cell

a. insulin
b. pancreastatin
c. amylin
d. AOTA

A

D

Q

Inhibits GI secretion

a. pancreatic polypeptide
b. Amylin
c. Pancreastatin
d. Ghrelin
e. somatostatin
f. glucagon

A

E

Q

Opposite effects of insulin, increased hepatic glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis

a. pancreatic polypeptide
b. Amylin
c. Pancreastatin
d. Ghrelin
e. somatostatin
f. glucagon

A

F

Q

Inhibits pancreatic exocrine secretion and section of insulin

a. pancreatic polypeptide
b. Amylin
c. Pancreastatin
d. Ghrelin
e. somatostatin
f. glucagon

A

A

Q

Counterregulates insulin secretion and function

a. pancreatic polypeptide
b. Amylin
c. Pancreastatin
d. Ghrelin
e. somatostatin
f. glucagon

A

B

Q

Decrease insulin and somatostatin release, increase glucagon release, decreases pancreatic exocrine secretion

a. pancreatic polypeptide
b. Amylin
c. Pancreastatin
d. Ghrelin
e. somatostatin
f. glucagon

A

C

Q

An inflammatory disease of the pancreas than is associated with little or no fibrosis of the gland

A

Acute pancreatitis

Q

What is the most common cause of acute pancreatitis

A

Biliary tract disease

Q

Hypothesis that states:

bile flow into the pancreatic duct behind an impacted gallstone would trigger the onset of acute pancreatitis.

A

Common channel hypothesis

Q

Mechanism of alcohol acute pancreatitis (4)

A

SIDI

“Secretion with Blockage” Mechanism
Incease Ductal Permeability
Dec Pancreatic Blood flow
Improper enzyme Leaking to surrounding tissue

Q

What percentage of pancreatitis ave pancreatic carcinoma

A

1-2%

Q

Which types of hyperlipoproteinemia can experience episodes of abdominal pain?

A

Types I and V

Q

Drugs associated with acute pancreatitis (4)

A

FETS

Furosemide
Estrogen replacement
Thiazide diuretics
Steroid therapy

Q

Infections associated with pancreatitis

A

MCM
Mumps Coxsackievirus
Mycoplasma

Q

True about etiology of pancreatitis

a. caused by hypertriglyceridemia but not by hypercholesterolemia
b. Serum triglycerides must rise above 500 mg/mL
c. types I, II, II are associated with pancreatitis
d. Secondary hypertriglyceridemia can be caused by oral contraceptives

A

A

b - 1000 mg/mL
c - Types I, IV, V
d - Secondary hypertriglyceridemia: loop and thiazide diuretics, tamoxifen, retinoids, beta blockers

Q

Level of serum lipase to diagnose acute pancreatitis

A

> 3 times of normal level

Q

Sensitivity and specificity of serum lipase (cameron)

A

100%

Q

False positive results for serum amylase (other disease conditions: 3)

A

SIP
Small bowel obstruction
intra-abdominal inflammatory conditions
Perforated duodenal ulcer

Q

Gold standard for acute pancratitis imaging

A

Contrast-Enhanced CT scan

Q

Indications for Contrast enhanced CT

A

Suspected of Diagnosis
Acute Pancreatitis , that Clinically did not improved in 48-72 hr
Suspected of Complication from Acute pancreatitis