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SRGRY3 > NRSRGRY - TRM > Flashcards

NRSRGRY - TRM Flashcards

1
Q

Leading cause of death in children and young adults

A

trauma

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2
Q

True about scalp injury

a. Bleed profusely
b. For simple injury close with secondary intention
c. both
d. neither

A

A

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3
Q

Fracture covered with intact skin

A

Skull fracture

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4
Q

fracture associated with disrupted overlying skin

A

Open/compound fracture

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5
Q

breaks in the bone that transverse the full thickness of the skull from the outer to inner table. They are usually fairly straight with no bone displacement.

A

linear fracture

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6
Q

A bone fracture in which the lines of break radiate from a point, usually from the site of an injury.

A

stellate

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7
Q

a fracture in which the bone has broken into several pieces.

A

Comminuted fracture

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8
Q

Ecchymosis behind the ear as a sign of basal skull fracture is called

A

battle’s sign

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9
Q

Periorbital ecchymosis as a sign of basilar skull fracture is called

A

raccoon’s eyes

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10
Q

Immediate injury to neurons from transmission of the force of impact

A

Primary injury

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11
Q

Subsequent neuronal damage due to the sequelae of trauma

A

Secondary injury

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12
Q

What comprises initial assessment of closed head injuries

A 
ABCD(E)
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Disability
Exposure
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13
Q

medical management of closed head injuries to decrease incidence of early post

A

Phenytoing 17 mg/kg loading dose

Phenytoin 300-400 mg/kg/day

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14
Q

Peptic ulcer as a result of brain injury

A

Cushing’s ulcer

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15
Q

Mild traumatic Brain injury GCS level

A

13-15

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16
Q

Severe traumatic Brain injury GCS level

A

3-8

17
Q

Moderate TBI GCS level

A

9-12

18
Q

At least what GCS to intubate?

A

8 below

19
Q

temporary neuronal dysfunction following nonpenetrating head trauma

A

Concussion

20
Q

bruise of the brain occurs when the force from trauma is sufficient to cause breakdown of small blood vessels and extravasation of blood into the brain

A

contusion

21
Q

damage to axons throughout the brain due to rotational acceleration and then deceleration

A

diffuse axonal injury

22
Q

Shape of epidural hematoma on imaging

A

lenticular (biconvex)

23
Q

Shape of subarachnoid hemorrhage on imaging

A

Crescent

24
Q

Definition of brain death

A

absence of signs of brain stem function or motor response to deep central pain in the absence of systemic medical conditions that could impair brain function

25
Q

What are the criteria to declare brain death?

a. 3 clinical exams 12 hours apart
b. 2 clinical exams 12 hours apart
c. 1 clinical exam and a confirmatory test
d. 2 confirmatory tests
e. A and B
f. B or C
g. B, C or D

A

F

26
Q

What are the clinical exams that could be performed to evaluate for brain death?

A 
Nonreactive pupils
No corneal blink reflex
No oculocephalic reflex
No oculovestibular reflex
Loss of drive to breath ( apnea test)
No response to deep central pain
27
Q

Positive doll’s eyes

A

eyes move in the opposite direction of the head movements, and it is therefore sometimes called doll’s eyes

28
Q

Positive vestibulo-ocular reflex

A

Ice cold or warm water or air is irrigated into the external auditory canal, usually using a syringe. head turn to the contralateral side. The eyes then turn toward the ipsilateral ear, with horizontal nystagmus to the contralateral ear.

29
Q

Type of neurologic spinal injury with residual motor or sensory function below the level of the lesion

A

Incomplete spinal injury

30
Q

Spinal injury that persist for >24 hours, no function below the level of injury and probability of return to function is low

A

Complete spinal injury

31
Q

True about initial assessment and management of spine injury EXCEPT

a. must be considered in select patients
b. a patient with no sx, referable to neurologic injury, no neck or back pain and a known mechanism of injury unlikely to cause spine injury is at minimal risk for significant injury to the spine
c. trauma patient should be kept on flat board with pad s and strap for immobilization
d. hard cervical collar is kept in place

A

A. in all px

32
Q

injury to the entire cord with total loss of motor and sensory function below the level of the lesion

A

cord transection

33
Q

injury to half the cord resulting in loss of motor control and proprioception ipsilaterally and loss of nociceptor and thermoception contralaterally

A

Brown Sequard sydrome

34
Q

Injury to inferior gray mater of the cord in the cervical spine with UE worse than LE

A

central cord syndrome

35
Q

Bilateral paralysis and loss of nocicpetion and thermoception

A

Anterior cor syndrome

36
Q

What plain films provide rapid survey of bony spine

A

Anteroposterior
Open mouth
Lateral plain films

37
Q

Definitive management for spinal cord injury

A

Spinal dose steroids
Orthotic devices
Surgery

SRGRY3 (44 decks)

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