PLM - 230323

Question 1

Consequences of negative human influence

Answer 1

Ozone depletion, extinction, food chain contaminated, global warming

Question 2

Negative modifications of the environment before XX century

Answer 2

Forests depletion in spain and the UK, due to ship building and naval wars.

Question 3

CFC advantages

Answer 3

Degreasing agent, cooling agent, wide range of applications during 50s and 60s.
AC systems, metal manufacturing.

Question 4

CFC disadvantages

Answer 4

CFC will not react with other substances, and oxidize as happpens with some other compounds.
Ozone concentration will be regenerated by the end of XXI century, long lasting negative effects.

Question 5

When was the observation of the ozone hole?

Answer 5

1985. Wien agreement for the protection of the ozone layer.
      1987: Banning of the substance in developed countries

Question 6

What is the club of Rome?

Answer 6

Group of scientists that try to look for an answer to the question of what will happen in the future if we don’t rectify our path.

Question 7

Malthusian trap?

Answer 7

Population exponential growth and Food linear growth

Question 8

What is the demographic divide?

Answer 8

Difference between the population growth in rich and poor countries. Niger vs Netherlands.

Question 9

Good news in population growth:

Answer 9

• Linear growth and not exponential growth. Worst possible option, the linear growth: 16 Billion people.
• Decrease of fertility rate globally, by the end of the century will reach around 2 kids per family.

Question 10

What is the tragedy of the commons?

Answer 10

Conflict between the self interest (maximize my own revenue) and the competition for a limited resource (at the cost of the resource).
Example: all the car drivers that compete for the same road space.

Question 11

Four modes of human history:

Answer 11

Hunter-gatherer mode.

Agriculture. Agrarian Mode.

Industrial Revolution. Industrial Growth.

Sustainability Revolution. Sustainable Mode.

Question 12

Sustainable development

Answer 12

Ability of meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future people to satisfy their own needs.
Improving the integrity of the life support system of earth.
Social – Economic – Environment aspects.

Question 13

Two types of sustainability

Answer 13

Weak: as long as the total number of elements is constant.
Strong: as long of the natural number of elements is constant.
Aquafarming: Unadequate housing for the fish.

Question 14

1st angle Projection vs 3rd angle Projection