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FRCP > Pleading 1 > Flashcards

Pleading 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the first step in a litigation

A

filing and service of process

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2
Q

What must a complaint include

A

Jdx, why entitled to relief, and what relief demanded

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3
Q

What standard is complaint held to

A

plausibility (Twombly/Iqbal)

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4
Q

After a complaint, opposition can respond with …

A

Answer (affirmative defenses and counterclaims)

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5
Q

You get one amendment to a complaint/answer ….

A

as a right within 21 days, after that up to judicial discretion

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6
Q

Amendments should be granted when..

A

freely, when justice so requires

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7
Q

What is 12b6 motion

A

motion to dismiss for lack of claim on which relief can be granted

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8
Q

For a motion to dismiss, the movant has the ..

A

burden to show legal insufficiency or implausibility

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9
Q

Motion to dismiss standard for reviewing facts

A

assume facts stated in the complaint are true

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10
Q

Rule 7 is about

A

type of pleadings allowed

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11
Q

What types of pleadings allowed under rule 7

A

complaint, answer to complaint, answer to counterclaim, answer to crossclaim, third party complaint, answer to third party complaint, reply to answer if deemed necessary by the court

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12
Q

Rule 8 is about..

A

general rules of pleading

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13
Q

Rule about types of pleadings allowed

A

Rule 7

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14
Q

Rule about general rules for pleading

A

Rule 8

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15
Q

8(a)

A

complaint must contain short and plain statement of Jdx, short and plain statement of claim showing entitlement to relief, and demand for relief sought

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16
Q

8(d)

A

each allegation must be simple, concise and direct. A party may state claims in the alternative and as many claims/defenses it has regardless of consistency

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17
Q

Note on Rule 8

A

wording not changed but later interpretations make more rigorous pleading standard

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18
Q

Conley is about ..

A

notice pleading, no set of facts rule for 8

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19
Q

Conley rule

A

Complaint not dismissed for failure to state a claim unless beyond doubt P can prove no set of facts in support that would entitle them to relief

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20
Q

Conley holding

A

Adequately set forth claim on which relief could be granted,. If Union not protect jobs like they did white workers was breach of duty

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21
Q

Conley reason 1

A

FRCP doesn’t require detail in the facts

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22
Q

Conley reason 2

A

Just need to allege cognizable harm, not allege smt impossible and pleading itself doesn’t defeat the claim

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23
Q

Conley reason 3

A

Discovery makes simple pleading possible, not meant to be counsel game of skill

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24
Q

Conley was ___ by Twombly/Iqbal

A

overturned

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25
Q

Leatherman rule

A

Heightened specificity under Rule 9(b) does not apply to municipalites under 1983 even if expensive litigation

26
Q

Swierkiewicz about..

A

don’t need facts for every prima facie element

27
Q

Swierkiewicz rule

A

elements evidentiary standard not pleading standard. By insisting plead specific facts, imposing heightened standard beyond what was necessary to establish the claim

28
Q

Swierkiewicz reason

A

Rule 8(a)(2) doesn’t contemplate merits at pleading, what SJ and Discovery are for

29
Q

Matsushita holding

A

P allegations of conspiracy may not at SJ stage rest solely on inferences that may be drawn from parallel conduct of Ds. Must present evidence excluding possibility that alleged conspirators acted independently.

30
Q

Twombly is about..

A

stricter “plausibility” pleading

31
Q

Twombly rule

A

Factual allegations in a complaint must be enough to raise right to belief above speculative level to avoid 12(b)(6) dismssal. Overrule Conley “no set of facts”

32
Q

Twombly holding

A

Complaint alleging parallel action not enough to show a conspiracy

33
Q

Twombly reason 1

A

require facts to add up to plausible claim and conclusory statements don’t count as facts. Reasonable discovery will reveal evidence of illegal agreement

34
Q

Twombly reason 2

A

Need evidence pointing to meeting of the minds

35
Q

Twombly reason 3

A

Even if all allegations true, lead only to a suspicion

36
Q

Twombly reason 4

A

only sufficient pleading can open discovery, prevent fishing

37
Q

Twombly reason 5

A

Footnote 14, different from Swierkiewicz not heightened standard

38
Q

Twombly dissent

A

FRCP meant to get people in Cts. Proof not function of pleadings. Not implausible to infer agreement and costs mitigated by case management

39
Q

For Twombly, plausibility is ..

A

not probability but more than possibility, beyond conceivability

40
Q
A
41
Q

Rule 11c

A

If rule 11b violated, ct may sanction on any attorney/party responsible

42
Q

Rule 2

A

procedure in fed courts same for law and equity

43
Q

Rule 12b1

A

dismiss for lack of subject matter jdx

44
Q

12b2

A

dismiss for lack of personal jdx

45
Q

12b3

A

dismiss for improper venue

46
Q

12b4

A

dismiss for insufficient process

47
Q

12b5

A

dismiss for insufficient service of process

48
Q

12b6

A

dismiss for failure to state a claim upon which relief can be granted

49
Q

12b7

A

failure to join a party under R19

50
Q

Rule 9b

A

In alleging fraud or mistake, party must state with particularity circumstances constituting F/M. Malice, intent, knowledge and other conditions of a person’s ,ind may be alleged generall

51
Q

Iqbal is about

A

pleadings must have sufficient facts, not just legal conclusions

52
Q

Iqbal rule

A

To survive a motion to dismiss, complaint must contain sufficient factual matter, accepted as true, to state a claim to relief that is plausible

53
Q

Iqbal reason 1

A

disparate impact is legal, intent to adopt policies for purpose of discrim is not but Iqbal doesn’t show this

54
Q

Iqbal reason 2

A

Ct does not have to accept legal conclusions as truth

55
Q

Iqbal reason 3

A

Phased view of litigation, not partial discovery

56
Q

Iqbal reason 4

A

Rule 9b not meant to loosen pleading standard for alleging discrim intent generally, just relative comparison to heightened standard for fraud/mistake

57
Q

Iqbal dissent

A

Facts mischaracterized as legal conclusions.

58
Q

Significance of Iqbal

A

Twombly applies to all (not just anti-trust) and especially hard to prove D subjective

59
Q

What is a Bivens case

A

sue federal officer with federal authority violating Constitution

60
Q

The dismissal rate has ____

A

not changed since Iqbal

61
Q

DuRocher holding

A

P set forth basic identifying info, expect discovery to expand party knowledge about model/type worn. If not SJ

FRCP (18 decks)

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