platyhelminthys Flashcards
describe the body plan of a flatworm
bilaterian
tripoblastic
acoelomate
what is the excretory system made up of?
ectodermal tubes
how do flatworms reproduce?
hermaphorditic
what is the protonephridia?
- first kidney
- flame cell
what type of brain? what does it include?
rudimentary
- ocellus
- light receptor
how are flatworms mobile?
- cilia
- contraction waves of mussels
- work against fluid pressure of body
name four big things that flathead are missing?
can be distinguished from other phylums this way
- respiratory system
- blood system
- appendages
- hard skeleton
are flatworms carnivores, herbivores, omnivores?
carnivores
for reproduction, what is specialized about modern platyhelminthes?
elaborate reproduction
muscular glandular organs
complicated hermaphrodites
what are the four classes of platyhemintheys?
Name which are free living and which are parasitic.
Turbellaria : free living
Monogenea: Parasitic
Trematoda: Parasitic
Cestoda: parasitic
Turbellaria:
-environment
chiefly aquatic;
-marine
turbellaria:
movement
musculature: -outer circular and inner longitudinal fibres. diagonal mussels crisscross -muscular creeping and swimming -pedal waves -looping cilia: -more ventral than dorsal -multi-cilliated -mucous glands
rhabdites
rod-like structures in the cells or mucus of turbellarians. defensive mechanism
name three methods of reproduction for turbellaria
-regeneration
-clonal reproduction
-sexual reproduction
>hermaphrodites
>hypodermic impregnation
describe the unique feature of flatworms that allow them to hunt
spearing by means of an eversible, protrusible pharynx.
name the two lifestyle choices for feeding
predators/carnivores
symbionts
protonephridia
rapidly beating cilia that propel waste in flatworms, rotifers
monogenea are exo or endoparasites? one host or many?
exoparasites, one host
what is the posterior attachment organ called for monogenea?
haptors. they include a sucker
monogenea have how many bands of cilia? eyes?
3 bands of cilia
1 or 2 pairs of eyes
tegument; monogenea
outer body covering of helminthes. unciliated, syncytial.
describe a direct life cycle of a helminth
- reproduce within the definitive host
- get fertilized eggs out of host
- contact and recognise a new host
- obtain entrance into new host
- locate appropriate environment within host
- maintain position within host
- withstand anaerobic environments
- avoid digestion or attack
- avoid killing host
Cestoda: what are these commonly known as?
tapeworms
cestoda:
- exo or endo parasitic?
- what is their attachement organ called?
- endoparasitic
- scolex
what are the segments of cestoda called?
proglottids
how many ppl worldwide are infected by cestoda?
135 million
how many eggs per proglottid for cestoda?
50,000
are cestoda male or female?
simultaneous hermaphrodites
what body system is absent in cestoda?
digestive tract
trematoda tegument
unciliated syncytial
what type of life cycle for trematodes?
complex, parasitiszing
trematoes endo or exo?
endoparasites
are trematodes segmented?
never
what two type of flukes (trematodes) cause schistosomiasis?
liverflukes, bloodflukes
what is 2nd to malaria for parasite-causing disease?
schistosomiasis
how many ppl does schistosomiasis kill per year?
800,000.
2200/day.
name the 7 stupid stages of the life cycle of stupid trematodes.
- egg
- miracidium
- sporocyst
- redia
- cercaria
- metacircaria
- adult
what stage of a trematodes’s life cycle is eaten by or locates and bores into an intermediate host?
free living ciliated miracidium
Clonorchis sinensis
chinese liver fluke
