INVASIVE SPECIES Flashcards
Why study invasions? (4)
- significant threat to native ecosystem
- biodiversity and function
- economic impacts
- experiments of opportunity
non-indigenous
not from that area. non-endemic. NIS (non-indigeonus species)
naturalized
been here for so long that it is a part of the ecosystem. ie: pacific oyster
cryptogenic
dont know if its an indigenous species or not
intoduced
intentionally/accidentally placed into the ecosystem
invader
to spread over or into, to enter for conquest
invasive
tending to spread prolifically and undesirably or harmfully.
what are the four stages of invasion?
introduction, establishment, dispersal, invasion impact
in what facets does invasive species affect regional characteristics?
shipping, recreation, aquaculture
Establishment: species characteristics (5)
- wide environmental tolerance
- broad diet
- fast growth, high survival
- fast sexual maturity, high fercundity
- predator refute
Establishment: regional characteristics (3)
- high disturbance
- low spp. diversity
- abundant habitat
Dispersal: species characteristics (4)
- planktonic larvae
- high dispersal phase
- tolerant larvae
- long planktonic duration
Dispersal: regional characteristics (1)
-oceanographic currents conducive to range expansion
Invasion impact: species characteristics (2)
- predador resistance/avoidance
- high densities
invasion impact: regional characteristics (2)
- highly disturbed habitats
- low spp. diversity
what area is included for invasion in ‘pacific northwest’?
- broad spectrum: california-alaska
- local: N. Washington, V. island, Southern BC
NIS
non-indigenous species
5 modes of introduction
- aquaculture
- ballast water and shipping
- live seafood and fish
- plant nurseries and aquarium trade
- research and teaching
name 5 invasive species
- japanese oyster drill
- eastern oyster drill
- green crab
- club tunicate
- crochet blanket tunicate**
- chain sea squirt**
3 controls on ballast water and shipping regulations
- Vancouver Port Authority mandatory mid-ocean ballast water exchange
- anti-fouling paint on ship hulls
- mooring line rodent barriers
Controls: import régulations (3)
- live seafood and fish import
- plant nursaries and aquaria
- research and teaching
2 methods of control/eradication of NIS
- trapping and FW emersion of oysters
- physical removal (i.e.: cleaning/shucking on land)
