Plasma Proteins

Question 1

What is added to Blood plasma which differentiates it from blood Serum? What are the main differences between serum and plasma?

Answer 1

In blood plasma, an anticoagulant is added to prevent clotting. Plasma ic cell-free blood; Serum is cell-free blood which lacks fibrinogen

Question 2

What causes the yellowish tin to in plasma?

Answer 2

Bilirubin

Question 3

What is the percentage of body weight of plasma?

Answer 3

~8%

Question 4

What are the different proteins found in plasma when separated by electrophoresis?

Answer 4

• Albumin
• A-1-globulins
• A-2-globulins
• B-globulins
• gamma globulins
• Enzymes
• Lipoproteins

Question 5

What is the most abundant protein in blood?

Answer 5

Albumin

Question 6

What are the functions of albumin?

Answer 6

• Binds/transports FAs
• Binds/Transports Bilirubin
• Binds-transports steroids hormones and many drugs

Question 7

What are the components of an Alpha-1 globulin fraction?

Answer 7

• alpha-1 antiprotease (90%)
• antiprotein
• alpha-1 Acid glycoproteins (42% carb)
• alpha-1 fetoglobin
• Thyroxine binding globulin
• Cortisol binding
• Retinol binding
• Vitamin D binding

Question 8

What are the components of an alpha-2 globulin fraction?

Answer 8

• Haptoglobin: prevents Fe loss in kidney hemoglobin
• Ceruloplasmin: Blue due to 34% Cu; Wilson’s disease shows low levels
• alpha-2 macrogloculin
• alpha-2 antiplasmin

Question 9

What are the components of a beta-globulin fraction?

Answer 9

• Transferrin: Binds and transports Iron; normally 1/3 sites occupied
• Hemopexin: Binds Heme to conserve Fe
• SHBG: Binds sex hormones
• Beta-2 Microglobulin: Histocompatibility complex

Question 10

What are the two components of a gamma globulin fraction?

Answer 10

• Immunoglobulins

- C-Reactive proteins

Question 11

What is the acute phase response?

Answer 11

• In patients w/ acute inflammatory states or cancer, several plasma proteins become elevated

Question 12

What factors does C-protein become elevated in acute phase response?

Answer 12

1000x

Question 13

What are the acute phase proteins?

Answer 13

• C-reactive protein
• alpha-1 Acid glycoproteins
• alpha-1 antitrypsin
• haptoglobin
• C-3/C-4
• Fibrinogen
• Ceruloplasmin

Question 14

What is the half life of albumin?

Answer 14

2.8 days

Question 15

What role does C-Reactive protein play in cardiovascular disease?

Answer 15

• CRP can form complexes with LDLs which can bind to vascular walls

Question 16

What is at the end of glycoproteins such as albumin, and helps with liver cell recognition?

Answer 16

Salic Acid

Question 17

What disease is associated with variant apolipoprotein E?

Answer 17

Alzheimer’s Disease

Question 18

What are the three types of enzymes in plasma?

Answer 18

• Clotting factors
• Compliment proteins
• Thrombolytic enzymes

Question 19

What as a cruder method to separating blood proteins?

Answer 19

Salting-out using progressively more concentrated ammonium sulfate

Question 20

Where are most plasma proteins synthesized?

Answer 20

Liver

Question 21

How much albumin is in the blood?

Answer 21

40%

Question 22

Which blood fraction protein is involved in emphysema?

Answer 22

A-1-antprotease

Question 23

Which plasma protein functions to prevent Fe loss in kidneys?

Answer 23

Haptoglobin

Question 24

Which plasma protein helps to oxidize Fe2 to Fe3?

Answer 24

Ceruloplasmin

Question 25

Which plasma protein binds and transports Fe2 in plasma?

Answer 25

Transferrin

Question 26

What a true phase protein is an indicator of cardiovascular disease?

Answer 26

C-Reactive protein

Question 27

Which disease is apolipoprotein E associated with?

Answer 27

Alzheimer’s