Erythrocytes Flashcards

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1
Q

What percentage of the cytoplasm is hemoglobin?

A

34%

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2
Q

What Enzymes and processes are in the cytoplasm of erythrocytes?

A
  • Glutathione synthesis/maintenance: GSH; Glutathione reductase
  • Oxygen radicals: Superoxide dismutase; Catalase
  • ***PPP: G6P DH
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3
Q

What happens in the RBC to enzymes of PPP and Glycolytic pathway with high [O2]?

A
  • Low deoxy Hb
  • INC PPP and NADPH
  • Enzymes BIND to Band 3 —> Inhibited glycolytic pathway (ATP/NADH)
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4
Q

What happens in the RBC to enzymes of PPP and Glycolytic pathway with low [O2]?

A
  • Enzymes unbind from Band 3 —> INC glycolytic pathway (ATP/NADH)
  • DEC PPP (NADPH)
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5
Q

How do erythrocytes “Make a path” for themselves in the bloodstream?

A
  • Conformational change to deoxy Hb in low [O2] —> Release of ATP
  • ATP is a vasodilator
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6
Q

What are the types of Anemia?

A

Megaloblastic: 95-150 fl

Normocytic: ~ 90 fl

Microcytic: <83 fl

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7
Q

What are the types of polycythemia?

A

Polycythemia Vera: NOT elevated erythropoietin

Physiological polycythemia: elevated erythropoietin

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8
Q

What are the two top related deficiencies related to hemolytic anemia?

A
  1. G6PD

2. Pyruvate Kinase

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9
Q

What is the therapeutic use of C-peptide for?

A

Treatment regimen for type II diabetes for tissue oxygenation to help ameliorate the concomitant peripheral vascular disease

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