Plants + flowers

Question 1

What are the parts of a flower?

Answer 1

Sepal
petals
stamen
filament
anther
carpel
stigma
style
ovary
ovule
nectary

Question 2

What is the function of the sepal?

Answer 2

protects unopened flower

Question 3

What is the function of petals?

Answer 3

brightly-coloured in insect pollinated flowers to attract insects.

Question 4

What is the stamen?

Answer 4

male part of flower (filament+anther)

Question 5

What is the function of the filament?

Answer 5

Positions anther to release male sex cell (pollen grain).

Question 6

What is the function of the anther?

Answer 6

Produces + releases male sex cell (pollen grain)

Question 7

What is the carpel?

Answer 7

female part of flower (stigma,style + ovary - containing ovule)

Question 8

What is the function of the stigma?

Answer 8

Top of female part of flower - collects pollen grains

Question 9

What is the function of the style?

Answer 9

Connects stigma to ovary

Question 10

What is the function of the ovary?

Answer 10

produces female sex cell (ovum)

Question 11

what is the ovule?

Answer 11

contains female sex cells (found in ovary)

Question 12

What is the function of the nectary?

Answer 12

produces sugary sollution called nectar to attract insects

Question 13

where is the ovule found?

Answer 13

in ovary

Question 14

what is the male sex cells in flowers?

Answer 14

pollen grain

Question 15

What is the felale sex cell in flowers?

Answer 15

ovum

Question 16

NAME ADAPTATIONS FOR INSECT POLLINATED FLOWERS

Answer 16

PETALS -> large + colourful to attract insects
NECTAR -> present so insects visit flower + push past stamen to get to nectar
NUMBER OF POLLEN GRAINS -> moderate (insects transfer pollen grains efficiently with high chance of succesful polliation)
POLLEN GRAINS -> large + sticky (spiky) to attach to insects and be carried away
ANTHERS -> insidee flower, stiff + firmly attatched to brush against insects
STIGMA -> inside flower, sticky so pollen grains stick to it when insect pass by

Question 17

NAME ADAPTATIONS FOR WIND POLLINATED FLOWERS

Answer 17

PETALS -> small + dull
NECTAR -> absent (no need to waste energy producing it as no need to atract insects)
NUMBER OF POLLEN GRAINS -> a lot (most pollen grains are not transferred to another flower so more produced=better chance of succesful pollination)
POLLEN GRAINS -> smooth, soft + light to be blown by wind
ANTHERS -> outside flower, loose on filameents to release pollen grains easily
STIGMA -> outside flower, feathery to catch pollen grains

Question 18

How does the number of pollen grains differ from insect + wind pollinated flowers?

Answer 18

INSECT POLLINATED FLOWERS: produce smaller amounts of large, heavy pollen grains (often contain spikes/hooks on outside) to stick easily to insects

WIND POLLINATED FLOWERS: produce large amounts of small, light weight pollen grains (often smooth)

Question 19

Where does fertilisation take place in plants?

Answer 19

inside the ovary when the nucleus of pollen grain fuses with the nucleus of an ovule to produce a zygote

Question 20

Why is there a pollen tube

Answer 20

pollen has no “tail” to swim to ovary so it grows a pollen tube

Question 21

Explain why different fruits have different number of seeds

Answer 21

Because plants have different number of ovules