Plants - Ch. 16, 28, 29

Question 1

What are 3 characteristics of ALL plants?

Answer 1

1. Terrestrial/Land-Dwelling
2. Autotrophic (can photosynthesize)
3. Multicellular Eukaryotic

Question 2

The vascular system/fluid transport system consists of 2 parts. What are they?

Answer 2

1. Xylem- carries water and nutrients from roots to leaves

2. Phloem- carries glucose from leaves and distributes to rest of plant

Question 3

What are the 4 classifications of plants?

Answer 3

1. Bryophytes (mosses)
   - earliest/primitive land plants
   - Seedless Nonvascular
   - completely dependent on water for fertilization/reproduction
2. Ferns
   - evolved after mosses
   - adapted to slightly drier environment
   - Seedless Vascular
   - partially dependent on water to reproduce
3. Gymnosperms (conifers)
   - Seed-Bearing Vascular
   - seeds develop in cones
4. Angiosperms (flowering plants)
   - Seed-Bearing Vascular

Question 4

What are the different kinds of flowering plant lifecycles?

Answer 4

Annual- germinates, flowers, sets seeds, and dies in 1 season
Biennial- germinates, grows first season, stores up energy underground. Second Spring: plants use energy to quickly bloom, set seeds, and die.
Perennial- grows for several seasons

Question 5

What are the different plant responses to stimuli?

Answer 5

1. Thigmotropism- response to touch
2. Phototropism- growth toward the light
3. Gravitropism- response to gravity

Note: tropisms are direction growth responses that cause parts of a plant to grow toward or away from a stimulus

Question 6

What are two ways plants can grow?

Answer 6

Primary Growth- growth in length (in shoots + roots)

Secondary Growth- growth in width/thickness (in stems + roots)

Question 7

Which type of plant growth produces annual growth rings?

Answer 7

Secondary Growth