Cells - Ch. 4 Flashcards
What is the strength and weakness of an electron microscope?
Strength: can view very small specimen
Weakness: cannot look at live specimen
What does the cell theory state?
- Every organism is made up of 1 or more cells
- The cell is the smallest unit still having the properties of life
- New cells arise only from existing cells
What 4 things do all cells have in common?
- Plasma membrane
- Cytoplasm
- Chromosomes (DNA)
- Ribosomes
organelle
structure with specialized functions within a cell
What does the plasma membrane do?
Regulates traffic in/out of cell
What is the difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?
Eukaryotic:
- Large, complex
- Animals, plants, fungi, protists
- Has a true nucleus
- Has organelles
Prokaryotic:
- Small, simple
- Eubacteria, Archaea
- No true nucleus; DNA is in nucleoid
- No membrane-bound organelles
Which group of cells has a nucleus bordered by a membrane?
Eukaryotic Cells
What’s the name of the organelle that produces ATP (energy molecules)?
Mitochondrian
What’s the name of the organelle that is the site of photosynthesis and only found in plant cells?
Chloroplast
What’s the name of the organelle that stores organic nutrients in plant cells?
Central vacuole
What’s the semifluid substance inside a cell called?
Cytoplasm
What does the cytoskeleton do?
determines cell shape and movement; it is made out of microtubules
Explain the plasma membrane’s phospolipid bylayer.
There is a hyprophilic head and hydrophobic tails; it is selectively permeable.
Fluid Mosaic Model
phospholipids and proteins drift and move within the membrane; responsible for letting things in and out
What does a plant cell have that an animal cell doesn’t have?
- Chloroplast
- Cell wall
- Central Vacuole
