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GROSS ANATOMY 2 > Plantar Surface of the Foot > Flashcards

Plantar Surface of the Foot Flashcards

1
Q

Name the bones of the foot

A
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2
Q

Describe the deep fascia of the plantar surface.

A
  • Thick central portion
  • Weaker medially and laterally
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3
Q

What forms the superficial ligament of the plantar aponeurosis?

A

Central portion of deep fascia

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4
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the plantar aponeurosis?

A

Calcaneous

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5
Q

How many bands does the plantar aponeurosis divide into distally?

A

5 bands

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6
Q

What are the 5 bands of the distal plantar aponeurosis continuous with?

A

Fibrous digital sheaths

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7
Q

What are the muscles of the dorsum of the foot?

A
  • Extensor digitorum brevis
  • Extensor hallucis brevis
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8
Q

What is in the lateral compartment of the foot?

A
  • Abductor digit minimi
  • Flexor digiti minimi brevis
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9
Q

What is in the central compartment of the foot?

A
  • Flexor digitorum brevis
  • Muscles associated with tendon of FDL
  • Adductor hallucis
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10
Q

What is in the medial compartment of the foot?

A
  • Abductor hallucis
  • Flexor hallucis brevis
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11
Q

What is muscle 1?

A

Abductor hallucis

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12
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the abductor hallucis

A

Origin = Medial tubercle of calcaneus; flexor retinaculum
Insertion = Medial base proximal phalanx

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13
Q

What innervates the abductor hallucis?

A

Medial plantar nerve (S1-3)

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14
Q

What is muscle 2?

A

Flexor digitorum brevis

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15
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the flexor digitorum brevis?

A

Origin = medial tubercle of calcaneous
Insertion = middle phalanges of lateral 4 toes

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16
Q

What innervates the flexor digitorum brevis?

A

Medial plantar nerve (S1,2)

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17
Q

What is muscle 3?

A

Abductor digiti minimi

18
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the abductor digiti minimi?

A

Origin = med. and lat. tubercle of calcaneous
Insertion = lat. base proximal phalanx

19
Q

What innervates the abductor digiti minimi?

A

Lateral plantar nerve (S1-3)

20
Q

What makes up layer 1 of the foot?

A
  • Abductor hallucis
  • Flexor digitorum brevis
  • Abductor digiti minimi
21
Q

What makes up layer 2 of the foot?

A
  • Long flexor tendons to the toes (FHL and FDL)
  • Lumbricals
  • Quadratus Plantae
22
Q

What muscles are at *?

A

Lumbricals

23
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the lumbricals?

A

Origin = Tendons of the flexor digiti longus
Insertion = medial side of dorsal tendon expansion

24
Q

What innervates the lumbricals?

A

1st = medial plantar neve (S1,2)
2nd-4th = lateral plantar nerve (S2,3)

25
Q

What muscle is this? (QP)

A

Quadratus plantae

26
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the quadratus plantae?

A

Origin = med. and lat. surfaces of calcaneous
Insertion = lateral side of FDL tendon

27
Q

What innervates the quadratus plantae?

A

Lateral plantar nerve (S1-3)

28
Q

What makes up the 3rd layer of the foot?

A
  • Flexor hallucis brevis
  • Adductor hallucis
  • Flexor digiti minimi brevis
29
Q

What is this muscle? (FHB)

A

Flexor hallucis brevis

30
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the flexor hallucis brevis?

A

Origin = Cuboid and lat. cuneiform
Insertion = both sides base proximal phalanx of hallux

31
Q

What innervates the flexor hallucis brevis?

A

Medial plantar nerve (S1,2)

32
Q

What is this muscle? (AdH)

A

Adductor hallucis

33
Q

What is the origin of the 2 heads of the adductor hallucis?

A

Transverse head - Plantar ligament of MTP joints
Oblique head - Base metatarsals 2-4

34
Q

What is the insertion of the adductor hallucis?

A

Lateral side base proximal phalanx of hallux

35
Q

What innervates the adductor hallucis?

A

Lateral plantar nerve (S2,3)

36
Q

What is this muscle *?

A

Flexor digiti minimi brevis

37
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the flexor digiti minimi brevis?

A

Origin - base 5th metatarsal
Insertion - base proximal phalanx of 5th digit

38
Q

What makes up the 4th layer of the foot?

A
  • 3 plantar interossei
  • 4 dorsal interossei
39
Q

What is the attachment of the plantar interossei?

A

Bases and med. side of metatarsals 3-5 –> med. side of proximal phalanx of digits 3-5

40
Q

What is the function of the plantar interossei?

A

Adduction

41
Q

What is the attachment of the dorsal interossei?

A

Adjacent side of metatarsals 1-5 —> 1st on med. side proximal phalanx of 2nd digit/ 2nd-4th on lat. side proximal phalanx of 2nd-4th digits

42
Q

What is the function of the dorsal interossei?

A

Abduction

GROSS ANATOMY 2 (19 decks)

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