Knee Joint

Question 1

What type of joint is the knee?

Answer 1

Modified hinge joint

Question 2

How many articulations are present at the knee?

Answer 2

3
- Femoropatellar
- 2x Femorotibial

Question 3

Does the fibula articulate at the knee joint?

Answer 3

No

Question 4

Where does the joint capsule attach anteriorly?

Answer 4

• Quadriceps tendon
• Patella
• Ligamentum patellae

Question 5

Where does the joint capsule attach posteriorly?

Answer 5

• Encloses intercondylar fossa of femur
• Open posterior to lateral condyle of tibia for popliteus muscle

Question 6

What do the medial and lateral alar folds cover?

Answer 6

Inner surface of fat pads on either side of patellar ligament

Question 7

Name the bursae around the knee joint.

Answer 7

Question 8

What extracapsular ligaments are present at the knee

Answer 8

• Oblique ligament
• Arcuate ligament
• Medial and Lateral collateral ligaments

Question 9

What intracapsular ligaments are present at the knee?

Answer 9

• Anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments

Question 10

What are these ligaments?

Answer 10

Red - Oblique popliteal ligament
Blue - Arcuate ligament

Question 11

What is the oblique popliteal ligament?

Answer 11

Expansion of semimembranosus tendon

Question 12

What is the function of the oblique popliteal ligament?

Answer 12

Reinforces posterior capsule

Question 13

What is the arcuate ligament?

Answer 13

Thickening of capsule over popliteus

Question 14

What is the function of the arcuate ligament?

Answer 14

Strengthens posterolateral joint capsule

Question 15

What is this ligament?

Answer 15

Medial (tibial) collateral ligament

Question 16

What is the medial collateral ligament?

Answer 16

Strong, flat thickening of capsule

Question 17

Where does the medial collateral ligament attach?

Answer 17

Medial epicondyle of femur –> Medial condyle and superior medial surface of tibia
- Deep fibres attach to medial meniscus

Question 18

What is this ligament?

Answer 18

Lateral (fibular) collateral ligament

Question 19

Describe the lateral collateral ligament

Answer 19

Strong and cordlike

Question 20

Where does the lateral collateral ligament attach?

Answer 20

Lateral epicondyle of femur –> Lateral head of fibula

Question 21

Where does the anterior cruciate ligament attach?

Answer 21

Anterior intercondylar area of tibia –> medial side of lateral condyle of femur

Question 22

What is the function of the anteromedial band of the ACL?

Answer 22

Limits flexion

Question 23

What is the function of the posterolateral band of the ACL?

Answer 23

Limits extension

Question 24

What is this ligament?

Answer 24

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)

Question 25

What is the attachment of the posterior cruciate ligament?

Answer 25

Posterior intercondylar area of tibia –> Lateral side of medial condyle of femur

Question 26

What is the function of the anterolateral band of the PCL?

Answer 26

Limits flexion

Question 27

What is the function of the posteromedial band of the PCL?

Answer 27

Limits extension

Question 28

What is this ligament?

Answer 28

Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)

Question 29

What are the menisci?

Answer 29

Wedges of fibrocartilage

Question 30

What is the function of the menisci?

Answer 30

Shock absorption

Question 31

Describe the medial meniscus.

Answer 31

• C shaped
• Broad posteriorly
• Firmly attached to TCL

Question 32

Describe the lateral meniscus

Answer 32

• Circular
• Freely moveable
• Attachment for popliteus