plant structure

Question 1

What is the name of cellular structure?

Answer 1

Cytology

Question 2

what does the plasmodesmata do?

Answer 2

Connections between cells, allow the exchange of hormones

Question 3

What is the tissue structure called?

Answer 3

Histology

Question 4

organ

Answer 4

collection of tissues that together carry out a particular function
eg. Root, stem and leaf

Question 5

what’s the structure of the whole plant called?

Answer 5

anatomy

Question 6

anatomy

Answer 6

organisation tissues and organs inside organism

Question 7

what is the structure of the whole plant?

Answer 7

morphology

Question 8

morphology

Answer 8

outward appearance (shape, structure)

Question 9

What is the vegetation structure called?

Answer 9

ecology

Question 10

Homology

Answer 10

when traits in different species exist as a result of an inherited genetic feature

Question 11

If plants are exposed to the same selective pressures will they share morphological features?

Answer 11

yes

Question 12

analogous trait

Answer 12

similarities between organisms not present in a common ancestor

Question 13

Examples of analogous trait ?

Answer 13

spikes to protect from herbivores .
no leaf surface area to reduce water loss, stem for photosynthesis

Question 14

plasticity

Answer 14

the ability of an individual plant to adjust structure to local environment.
eg. effect wind (mechanical stress), exposed , control

Question 14

Heterophylly

Answer 14

All cells are genetically identical

Question 15

are plants mobile?

Answer 15

no they are sessile

Question 16

Are animals sessile?

Answer 16

no they are mobile

Question 17

Tissue

Answer 17

group of cells with common structure and function

Question 18

what the dermal tissue comprised of?

Answer 18

single layer, epidermis

Question 19

what is the vascular tissue comprised of?

Answer 19

Xylem, phloem

Question 20

what is the ground tissue comprised of?

Answer 20

parenchyma

Question 21

what is the meristematic tissue comprised of?

Answer 21

ambryonic cells

Question 22

totipotent

Answer 22

all cells can de-differentiate, divide and develop into complete new organism

Question 23

Are animals or plants totipotent ?

Answer 23

plants

Question 24

Unipotent cell

Answer 24

can develop in just one type of tissue

Question 25

pluripotent cell

Answer 25

can develop into different tissues but not a whole organism

Question 26

example of a modified leaf?

Answer 26

onion, spine and tendril

Question 27

what makes up the epidermis ?

Answer 27

waxy cuticle, stomata, trichomes

Question 28

what are trichomes?

Answer 28

hairs

Question 29

what is the mesophyll ?

Answer 29

the middle of the leaf

Question 30

What is the vascular system made up of?

Answer 30

phloem, xylem, the bundle sheath

Question 31

What does the phloem do?

Answer 31

transports sugars from the leaves to roots

Question 32

what does xylem do?

Answer 32

transports water from roots to leaves

Question 33

what is the bundle sheath?

Answer 33

a protective circle of cells

Question 34

What do stems do?

Answer 34

carry leaves and position them in the light, control stem length-strategy, connection root to the leaf

Question 35

Examples of modified stems?

Answer 35

Phylloclade- photosynthetic stem rhizome- horizontal underground stem stem tuber- swollen stem

Question 36

What is the stem made up of?

Answer 36

Apex- bud with meristem, node and internode, and axillary buds

Question 37

What are axillary buds ?

Answer 37

Side buds. dormant ,ready to grow but dont grow.

Question 38

why are axillary buds dormant?

Answer 38

The apex releases a hormone that stops the axillary buds from growing. this is so plants do not waste energy and can grow as tall as possible

Question 39

what are the different fibres in a stem ?

Answer 39

collenchyma and sclerenchyma

Question 40

collenchyma

Answer 40

in young tissue - living and flexible

Question 41

sclerenchyma

Answer 41

in mature tissue- dead and rigid

Question 42

function of roots

Answer 42

Anchor, uptake water and minerals, storage, photosynthesis

Question 43

Lateral roots

Answer 43

from main root

Question 44

adventitious roots

Answer 44

roots from stem

Question 45

root hair

Answer 45

extensions of epidermal cell- increased uptake surface

Question 46

lateral root

Answer 46

multicellular root

Question 47

where is vascular tissue located in the roots ?

Answer 47

the centre of root phloem outside , xylem inside

Question 48

endodermis

Answer 48

inner layer cortex, controls nutrient uptake

Question 49

pericycle

Answer 49

can become meristematic, forms lateral root