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BL1004 > plant structure > Flashcards

plant structure Flashcards

1
Q

What is the name of cellular structure?

A

Cytology

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2
Q

what does the plasmodesmata do?

A

Connections between cells, allow the exchange of hormones

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3
Q

What is the tissue structure called?

A

Histology

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4
Q

organ

A

collection of tissues that together carry out a particular function
eg. Root, stem and leaf

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5
Q

what’s the structure of the whole plant called?

A

anatomy

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6
Q

anatomy

A

organisation tissues and organs inside organism

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7
Q

what is the structure of the whole plant?

A

morphology

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8
Q

morphology

A

outward appearance (shape, structure)

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9
Q

What is the vegetation structure called?

A

ecology

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10
Q

Homology

A

when traits in different species exist as a result of an inherited genetic feature

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11
Q

If plants are exposed to the same selective pressures will they share morphological features?

A

yes

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12
Q

analogous trait

A

similarities between organisms not present in a common ancestor

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13
Q

Examples of analogous trait ?

A

spikes to protect from herbivores .
no leaf surface area to reduce water loss, stem for photosynthesis

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14
Q

plasticity

A

the ability of an individual plant to adjust structure to local environment.
eg. effect wind (mechanical stress), exposed , control

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14
Q

Heterophylly

A

All cells are genetically identical

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15
Q

are plants mobile?

A

no they are sessile

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16
Q

Are animals sessile?

A

no they are mobile

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17
Q

Tissue

A

group of cells with common structure and function

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18
Q

what the dermal tissue comprised of?

A

single layer, epidermis

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19
Q

what is the vascular tissue comprised of?

A

Xylem, phloem

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20
Q

what is the ground tissue comprised of?

A

parenchyma

21
Q

what is the meristematic tissue comprised of?

A

ambryonic cells

22
Q

totipotent

A

all cells can de-differentiate, divide and develop into complete new organism

23
Q

Are animals or plants totipotent ?

A

plants

24
Q

Unipotent cell

A

can develop in just one type of tissue

25
Q

pluripotent cell

A

can develop into different tissues but not a whole organism

26
Q

example of a modified leaf?

A

onion, spine and tendril

27
Q

what makes up the epidermis ?

A

waxy cuticle, stomata, trichomes

28
Q

what are trichomes?

A

hairs

29
Q

what is the mesophyll ?

A

the middle of the leaf

30
Q

What is the vascular system made up of?

A

phloem, xylem, the bundle sheath

31
Q

What does the phloem do?

A

transports sugars from the leaves to roots

32
Q

what does xylem do?

A

transports water from roots to leaves

33
Q

what is the bundle sheath?

A

a protective circle of cells

34
Q

What do stems do?

A

carry leaves and position them in the light, control stem length-strategy, connection root to the leaf

35
Q

Examples of modified stems?

A

Phylloclade- photosynthetic stem
rhizome- horizontal underground stem
stem tuber- swollen stem

36
Q

What is the stem made up of?

A

Apex- bud with meristem, node and internode, and axillary buds

37
Q

What are axillary buds ?

A

Side buds. dormant ,ready to grow but dont grow.

38
Q

why are axillary buds dormant?

A

The apex releases a hormone that stops the axillary buds from growing. this is so plants do not waste energy and can grow as tall as possible

39
Q

what are the different fibres in a stem ?

A

collenchyma and sclerenchyma

40
Q

collenchyma

A

in young tissue - living and flexible

41
Q

sclerenchyma

A

in mature tissue- dead and rigid

42
Q

function of roots

A

Anchor, uptake water and minerals, storage, photosynthesis

43
Q

Lateral roots

A

from main root

44
Q

adventitious roots

A

roots from stem

45
Q

root hair

A

extensions of epidermal cell- increased uptake surface

46
Q

lateral root

A

multicellular root

47
Q

where is vascular tissue located in the roots ?

A

the centre of root
phloem outside , xylem inside

48
Q

endodermis

A

inner layer cortex, controls nutrient uptake

49
Q

pericycle

A

can become meristematic, forms lateral root

50
Q
A

BL1004 (13 decks)

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