Plant Reproduction

Question 1

what is the role of the anther

Answer 1

contains pollen grains which produce the male gamete

Question 2

what is the role of the filament

Answer 2

the stalk that supports the anther

Question 3

what is the role of the stigma

Answer 3

site where pollen attaches to

Question 4

what is the role of the style

Answer 4

rod like section that supports the stigma

Question 5

what is the role of the ovary

Answer 5

production of female gamete

Question 6

what is pollination

Answer 6

transfer of pollen from an anther to a stigma so that fertilisation can occur

Question 7

how are some plants adapted for insect pollination

Answer 7

bright petals to attract insects
sweet scented to attract insects
big, sticky grains of pollen that stick to insects
stigma is sticky so any pollen picked up from other plants by insect will stick to stigma

Question 8

how are some plants adapted for wind pollination

Answer 8

small, dull petals
no scent
dusty pollen that is easily carried by the wind
long filaments that hang outside the flower so that more pollen blown away by wind
feathery stigma to catch blowing pollen

Question 9

explain fertilisation in plants

Answer 9

pollen grain lands on stigma
pollen tube grows down the style to the ovary and into the ovule
nucleus moves down the tube to join the female gamete in the ovule
zygote formed following fusion of nucleus’, this divides by mitosis to form an embryo
seed is produced and ovary develops into a fruit around the seed

Question 10

describe the conditions for germination (seed growth)

Answer 10

water - to activate the enzymes that break down food reserves
oxygen - for respiration which transfers energy from food to growth
optimal temperature - so enzymes do not denature and work well

Question 11

where do germinating seeds get their energy from

Answer 11

glucose for respiration from their own food stores, and once it grows enough to produce leaves, photosynthesis occurs

Question 12

how can you investigate conditions required for germination

Answer 12

take 4 boiling tubes, placing cotton with 10 seeds placed upon the cotton on the bottom of each tube.
tube 1 (WATER OXYGEN AND ROOM TEMP.) CONTROL
tube 2 ( no water)
tube 3 (low temp.)
tube 4 (no oxygen)
leave for 3 days and observe changes.
only tube 1 should have germinated

Question 13

describe asexual reproduction in plants

Answer 13

runners are sent out by plant that grow out just above ground, the runner take root and start to grow.

Question 14

describe how to clone a plant

Answer 14

take cuttings of plant with desired characteristics, plant them to produce genetically identical copies, keep the cuttings in a moist condition