Human Reproduction Flashcards
what is the urethra
tube which carries sperm through the penis
what is the sperm duct
muscular tube that carries sperm from testes to urethra
what is erectile tissue
swells when filled with blood, to make the penis erect
what is the fallopian tube
a muscular tube that carries an ovum from the ovary to the uterus
how often is an ovum produced
every 28 days
what occurs in stage 1 of the menstrual cycle (day 1 - 4)
uterus lining breaks down
what occurs in stage 2 of the menstrual cycle (day 4 -14)
uterus lining builds up into a thick spongy layer full of blood cells, ready to receive a fertilised egg
what occurs in stage 3 of the menstrual cycle (day 14 )
ovulation occurs, an egg is released from the ovary
what occurs during stage 4 of the menstrual cycle (day 14 - 28)
wall is maintained for 14 days, if no fertilised egg is received, the wall starts to break down and the process starts again
how does FSH control the menstrual cycle
stimulates the ovaries to produce oestrogen, causes egg to mature in the ovaries in a structure called a follicle
how does oestrogen control the menstrual cycle
stimulates the release of LH and causes the uterus lining to grow
how does LH control menstrual cycle
stimulates release of an egg on day 14
how does progesterone control the menstrual cycle
maintains the lining of the uterus in the second half of the cycle, if progesterone levels fall, the lining breaks down
what is the role of amniotic fluid
protects the baby from knocks and bumps when in the uterus
what is the role of the placenta
provide fetus with food, oxygen and exchange of waste.
what is fertilisation
the fusing together of the sperm cell and the egg to form an embryo
