Plant Nutrition & Transport - T2 S3 L

Question 1

How many essential nutrients do plants require?

Answer 1

16

Question 2

Name the 9 macronutrients plants require.

Answer 2

C, O, H, N, K, Ca, Mg, P, S

Question 3

used to prevent/treat nutrient deficiencies

Answer 3

fertilizers

Question 4

complex mix of rock particles, organic matter, air, and water; texture based on the relative amounts of sand, silt, and clay; has distinct layers

Answer 4

soil

Question 5

chemically complex, hard-to-digest, spongy organic substance

Answer 5

humus

Question 6

a horizon, typically supplies most of a plant’s water and nutrients

Answer 6

topsoil

Question 7

Where does CO₂ enter?

Answer 7

leaf/stem (stomata)

Question 8

contains water and dissolved minerals

Answer 8

xylem sap

Question 9

transports products of photosynthesis

Answer 9

phloem

Question 10

What are plant cells made mostly of?

Answer 10

water

Question 11

evaporation of water from leaf, low humidity and high temperatures increase rate; occurs through stomata which close to prevent too much loss

Answer 11

transpiration

Question 12

cohesive properties of water, continuous column of water from soil to evaporation from leaf

Answer 12

cohesion-tension theory

Question 13

water solution moves between cells, limited by Casparian strip

Answer 13

extracellular pathway

Question 14

water solution moves cell to cell via plasmodesmata

Answer 14

intracellular pathway

Question 15

Name two plant parts that help conserve water.

Answer 15

cuticle, stomata

Question 16

waxy layer covering epidermis, impermeable to water and gases, prevents plant from drying out

Answer 16

cuticle

Question 17

water, minerals, organic compounds; sucrose, amino acids, hormones, enzymes, mRNA

Answer 17

phloem sap

Question 18

theory that explains phloem function; phloem sap moves under positive pressure from sources to sinks

Answer 18

the pressure flow theory

Question 19

produces or releases sugars

Answer 19

source

Question 20

does not photosynthesize

Answer 20

sink

Question 21

companion cells load sucrose into sieve tube elements by active transport, sucrose raises concentration of xylem, water moves by osmosis into phloem, increases turgor pressure

Answer 21

“source” part of the pressure flow theory

Question 22

cells take up sucrose through facilitated diffusion or active transport, concentration of phloem sap drops, water moves out by osmosis, drop in pressure

Answer 22

“sink” part of the pressure flow theory

Question 23

acquire water, minerals, and food; include haustorium, dodder, and mistletoes; most successful ones extract enough resources to survive and reproduce, but not so much that the host dies

Answer 23

parasites

Question 24

found in marsh/swamp/wet areas, little nitrogen in soil, supplement with animal protein

Answer 24

carnivorous plants

Question 25

What do the prey of carnivorous plants provide?

Answer 25

nitrogen, phosphorous

Question 26

The reduced leaf surface of carnivorous plants due to their trap reduces ___.

Answer 26

photosynthetic efficiency