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BIO 102 Lecture > Animal Tissues & Organ Systems - T4 S1 > Flashcards

Animal Tissues & Organ Systems - T4 S1 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

___ can grow tissues outside of the body.

A

Tissue engineering

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2
Q

___ cells build animal bodies.

A

Specialized

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3
Q

study of an organism’s structure, describes the parts that compose the body

A

anatomy

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4
Q

considers how those parts that compose the body work

A

physiology

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5
Q

How many tissue types to animals consist of?

A

4

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6
Q

All animal tissues have what feature in common?

A

cells embedded in extracellular matrix; ground substance and fibers

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7
Q

animal tissue type:

single or multiple layer of flattened, cube-shaped, or columnar cells

A

epithelial

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8
Q

animal tissue type:

cover interior and exterior surfaces of organs; protection; secretion; absorption

A

epithelial

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9
Q

animal tissue type:

cells scattered in prominent extracellular matrix

A

corrective

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10
Q

animal tissue type:

support, adhesion, insulation, attachment, and transportation

A

corrective

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11
Q

animal tissue type:

elongated cells that contract when stimulated

A

muscle

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12
Q

animal tissue type:

functions in movement

A

muscle

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13
Q

animal tissue type:

cells that transmit electrochemical impulses

A

nervous

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14
Q

animal tissue type:

rapid communication among cells

A

nervous

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15
Q

tissue that covers surfaces, 1/more layers of tightly packed cells, functions: protection/nutrient absorption/gas diffusion, form glands, “free” surface, anchored by basement membrane, may be joined by tight junctions

A

epithelial

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16
Q

90% of cancers are ___.

A

carcinomas

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17
Q

What are epithelial tissues classified by?

A

cell shape,

number of layers

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18
Q

epithelial tissue type:
single layer of flattened cells; allows substances to pass by diffusion and osmosis; lining of blood vessels, alveoli of lungs, glomeruli of kidneys

A

simple squamous

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19
Q

epithelial tissue type:

single layer of cube-shaped cells; secretes and absorbs substances; glands, lining of kidney tubules

A

simple cuboidal

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20
Q

epithelial tissue type:
single layer of column-shaped cells, may be ciliated; secretes and absorbs substances, sweeps egg/embryo along uterine tube; lining of digestive tract, bronchi (ciliated), uterine tubes (ciliated)

A

simple columnar

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21
Q

epithelial tissue type:
multiple layers of flattened cells; protects areas subject to abrasion, prevents water loss and infection; outer layer of skin, lining of body openings

A

stratified squamous

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22
Q

epithelial tissue type:

multiple layers of cube-shaped; conveys sweat, secretes hormones; sweat gland duct, ovaries

A

stratified cuboidal

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23
Q

epithelial tissue type:
single layer of columnar cells with staggered nuclei, may be ciliated; secretes and propels mucus; upper respiratory tract (ciliated)

A

pseudostratified columnar

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24
Q

tissues that bind other tissues together; most widespread tissue; scattered w/in extracellular matrix; functions- fill spaces, attach tissues, cushion, flexible but firm support; never coat surfaces; extremely variable in structure and function

A

connective tissue

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25
Q

(T/F) Blood and bone are types of connective tissue.

A

true

26
Q

connective tissue type:
fibroblast cells in loose matrix of elastin and collagen fibers; holds organs in place; attaches epithelial tissue to underlying tissue; under skin, between organs

A

loose connective tissue

27
Q

connective tissue type:
fibroblast cells in dense matrix of elastin and collagen fibers; connects muscle to bone, connects bone to bone; tendons and ligaments

A

dense connective tissue

28
Q 
connective tissue type:
fat cells (adipocytes) in minimal matrix; stores fat for energy and insulation; beneath skin, between muscles, around heart and joints
A

adipose tissue

29
Q

connective tissue type:
red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets in plasma matrix; transports gases, nutrients, wastes, hormones; in arteries, veins, and capillaries

A

blood

30
Q

connective tissue type:
chondrocytes in matrix of fine collagen fibers; flexible support; ears, joints, bone ends, respiratory tract, embryonic skeleton

A

cartilage

31
Q

connective tissue type:

osteocytes and other cells in matrix of collagen and minerals; firm support; skeleton

A

bone

32
Q

tissue that provides movement; cells contract when electrically stimulated; actin and myosin; abundant mitochondria; functions in body temp regulation, move bone, digestion, waste elimination

A

muscle tissue

33
Q

3 types of muscle tissue

A

skeletal muscle (striated, voluntary), cardiac muscle (striated, involuntary), smooth muscle (not striated, involuntary)

34
Q

muscle tissue type: elongated cells (each containing many nuclei), striated; moves the bones of the skeleton, voluntary; attached to bones

A

skeletal muscle

35
Q

muscle tissue type:
short, branched cells (each containing one nucleus), striated; contraction of atria and ventricles in heart, involuntary; walls of the heart

A

cardiac muscle

36
Q

muscle tissue type:

spindle-shaped cells (each containing one nucleus); slow, involuntary movements; digestive tract, arteries

A

smooth muscle

37
Q

tissue that forms a rapid communication network

A

nervous tissue

38
Q

parts of nervous tissue which receive, process, and transmit information

A

neurons

39
Q

What are the cells in neuroglia that make myelin called?

A

Schwann cells

40
Q

support and assist neurons in nervous tissue

A

neuroglia

41
Q

tissue type composed of neurons and neuroglia

A

nervous tissue

42
Q

tissue type whose functions include detecting stimuli and conveying info throughout the body

A

nervous tissue

43
Q

tissue type found in the brain, spinal cord, and nerves

A

nervous tissue

44
Q

Which two systems coordinate communication?

A

nervous and endocrine

45
Q

network composed of trillions of neurons and neuroglia that specialize in rapid communication

A

nervous system

46
Q

system made up of glands that secrete hormones

A

endocrine system

47
Q

Which two systems support and move the body?

A

skeletal and muscular

48
Q

system which consists of bones, ligaments, and cartilage

A

skeletal system

49
Q

system made up of individual skeletal muscles

A

muscular system

50
Q

Which three systems work together to acquire energy?

A

digestive, circulatory, and respiratory

51
Q

system that dismantles food, absorbs the small molecules, and eliminates indigestible wastes

A

digestive system

52
Q

system that transports food molecules (and many other substances) throughout the body

A

circulatory system

53
Q

system that exchanges gases with the atmosphere

A

respiratory system

54
Q

Which four systems protect the body?

A

urinary, integumentary, immune, and lymphatic

55
Q

system which removes water-soluble wastes and other toxins from blood and eliminates them

A

urinary system

eliminates them in urine

56
Q

system that provides physical protection

A

integumentary system

57
Q

system that acts as the bridge between the immune system and the circulatory system

A

lymphatic system

58
Q

Which system produces the next generation?

A

reproductive

59
Q

system consisting of organs that produce and transport sperm and egg cells (gametes), female body nurtures developing offspring

A

reproductive system

60
Q

organ system that detects, interprets, and responds to stimuli from outside and w/in the body

A

nervous system

61
Q

organ system that

A

pic on slide 28, system number two, endocrine

BIO 102 Lecture (19 decks)

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