Plant components

Question 1

Unorganized plants

Answer 1

Plants with less overall structure, such as algae or some types of seaweed

Question 2

Non-vascular plants

Answer 2

Lack a xylem and phloem for vascular function. moss is the most common type.

Question 3

Vascular plants

Answer 3

Any plant with a vascular system that allows it do distribute resources around the body of the plant. Includes most common plants.

Question 4

Spore Reproduction

Answer 4

check. Ferns reproduce via spores

Question 5

Seed reproduction

Question 6

Main plant classifications

Answer 6

Unorganized vs organized, vascular vs nonvascular, spores vs seeds, enclosed vs closed seeds, monocots vs dicots

Question 7

angiosperms

Answer 7

Flowering plants with an ‘inclosed seed’. The seed develops within the flower, which helps to fertilize it.

Question 8

Gymnosperm

Answer 8

Plants where seeds are developed unenclosed. many trees exhibit this.

Question 9

Monocot

Question 10

dicot

Question 11

Basic plant cells

Answer 11

Parenchyma, Collenchyma, Sclerenchyma

Question 12

Parenchyma

Answer 12

Make up bulk of plant
Contains chloroplast
Flexible and thin walled

Question 13

Collenchyma

Answer 13

Long cylindrical cells
Designed for supporting interior
Flexible so plant can bend as needed

Question 14

Sclerenchyma

Answer 14

This walls contain lining, a strong and woody substance. works as a strengthening tissue

Question 15

4 types of plant tissues

Answer 15

Meristematic, Dermal, Ground tissue, and Vascular tissue

Question 16

Meristematic tissue

Answer 16

Rapidly dividing stem cells that grow the plant and diversify into other roles

Question 17

Dermal tissue

Answer 17

outermost lyer of the plant, with several subtypes. 3 specialized types are stomata, root hairs and trichomes. Stomato open cell to breathe, root hairs increase root surface area and trichomes regulate temperature or water.

Question 18

Ground tissue

Answer 18

main volume of plants, and take up space, photosynthesize, or give support

Question 19

Vascular tissue

Answer 19

transport system of plant, made of the xylem and the phloem

Question 20

xylem

Answer 20

Main 1 way water duct of plant. works through a passive diffusion ‘pump’. water is brought up as its polar properties make it ‘stick’ to itself

Question 21

phloem

Answer 21

sugar and water transport, but can flow down and up the plant.

Question 22

Monocot

Answer 22

Seeds with only a single embyronic leaf

Question 23

Dicot

Answer 23

Seeds with 1 or more embyronic leaves

Question 24

3 Main plant organs

Answer 24

Roots, Stems, and leaves

Question 25

Roots

Answer 25

Absorb water and nutrients, anchor plant to soil, stores resources. 3 main types: tap roots, fiborous roots, and irregular roots

Question 26

Stems

Answer 26

contain main vascular channels, give support to the plant. in trees, this is laid in increasing layers, giving age rings

Question 27

Leaves

Answer 27

main photosynthesis area, protected by a waxy cuticle, held together by the epidermis and palisade mesophyll. contains stomata for breathing, and veins for vflow

Question 28

Phototropism

Answer 28

Cell elongation and movement occurs, leading to plants bending towards a light.

Question 29

Gravitropism

Answer 29

Growth effects lead to the plant always curving to upwards, even if planted on an angle

Question 30

Thigmotropism

Answer 30

growth process of growing around or encircling an object

Question 31

Sexual reproduction in plants.

Answer 31

Done by angiosperms, which have male and female reproductive organs allowing for pollination or self-pollination.

Question 32

Asexual reproduction in plants

Answer 32

Budding, with a new plant growth from a main body. Fragmentation, a peice breaks off and grows into a new plant. vegetative propogation, formation of ‘runners’ that travel and form new plants. spore formation, releasing tough seeds that are dispersed.

Question 33

Auxins

Answer 33

Responsible for cell elongation during vertical growth, allows plant to bend and adjust to lighting conditions. cuts can effect release and thus growth

Question 34

Cytokinin

Answer 34

Distributed through vascular system, and encourage cell differentiation and division

Question 35

Gibberellins

Answer 35

promotes development of a stronger and taller plant.

Question 36

Ethylene

Answer 36

gas produced by ripening and dying leaves. causes other fruits to ripen. Often picked early, with a later dose of ethylene to induce ripening after transport