Bio intro to cells Flashcards
Cell Membrane
Semi-permeable layer that allows only certain substances to go through. Is made of a phospholipid bi-layer
Centrioles
Organizes microtubules for cell division.
Chloroplasts
Energy from sunlight
Amyloplast
Glucose/polymer manufacture through starch consumption/storage
Nucleolus
RNA creation. RNA serves as signalling element
Ribosome
Encoded with RNA from nucleolus, which it then uses to manufacture proteins.
Nucleus
Contains many nuclear bodies used for encoding DNA/RNA for instruction transfer. Nucleolus included in this.
Nuclear Membrane
Controls what enters nucleus
Vacuoles
Storage system
Lysosome
waste storage
Cytoplasm
basic metabolic medium of the cell
Mitochondria
generates ATP for cell energy from glucose products
Rough E.R
manufactures proteins and enzymes with ribosomes attached. Works with ribosomes, and transfers products.
Smooth E.R
Detoxification and lipid/carbohydrate synthesis.
Golgi Body
Packages proteins into vesicles and moves those around the cell
Peroxisome
involved in oxidative reactions
Peripheral Proteins
Proteins that stick into or out of the cell membrane. Useful as enzymes and support cells.
Glycoprotein
A surface protein used for recognition and pathogen defence
Glycolipid
A surface protein used for recognition and pathogen defence
Pinocytosis
Vesicles are used to envelop dissolved materials, and to pull them inside the cell
Phagocytosis
envelopment of larger materials to bring them into the cell. used in immune responses
