Bio Diversity of Living Things

Question 1

Classification hierarchy

Answer 1

Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species

Question 2

Phylogeny

Answer 2

Method of charting the evolutionary history of a species. general depicted via phylogenetic trees

Question 3

Endosymbiosis

Answer 3

one prokaryote engulfs another, leading to an eventual eukaryote

Question 4

Eukaryote

Answer 4

Have a central nucleus and several membrane bound organelles. Evolved due to endosymbiosis

Question 5

Binary Fission

Answer 5

more simple direct duplication of smaller organelles or bacteria

Question 6

Bacteria Shapes

Answer 6

Coccus, Bacillius, Spirillium

Question 7

Coccus Bacteria

Answer 7

round bacteria. can take any arrangement.

Question 8

Bacillus Bacteria

Answer 8

roughly rod shaped bacteria. can form single/double/chain

Question 9

Spirillum Bacteria

Answer 9

Spiral shaped. can only stand on their own.

Question 10

Bacteria Arrangements

Answer 10

Single, Double, Strepto, Staphylo

Question 11

Strepto Bacteria

Answer 11

Chain arrangement. Only coccus and bacillus can have this shapee

Question 12

Macrophages/phagocytes

Answer 12

Cell that engulfs and destroys large pathogens

Question 13

Leukocytes

Answer 13

Generic term for white blood cells. Produced in thymus gland, spleen, bone marrow, lymph nodes

Question 14

Lymphocytes

Answer 14

Term to describe T and B cells

Question 15

T Cells

Answer 15

Signalling Cells with a killer variant

Question 16

B Cells

Answer 16

Produce special Y antibody proteins that allow antigens to be tagged for immune response

Question 17

Lysogenic virus cycle

Answer 17

Passive passing on of viral genes in a cell while letting the host cell remain dormant until a trigger

Question 18

Eukaryotic Vs Prokaryotic cells

Answer 18

Eukaryotes have a nuclear membrane, distinct organelles, and reproduce through mitosis. prokaryotes reproduce through binary fission.

Question 19

Bacteria vs Archea

Answer 19

Archea have different cell membrane structures, can live in more extreme environments, and do not form endospores

Question 20

Active Immunity

Answer 20

Creation of antibodies through vaccination or immune response

Question 21

passive immunity

Answer 21

Natural transfer of antibodies

Question 22

Kingdom protista

Answer 22

A eukaryotic organism that is not part of the animal, fungi or plant kingdoms. Can share characteristic of each kingodm though, and are broadly described by their similarity to one or the other.

Question 23

Kingdom animalia

Answer 23

largest single kingdom, and encompasses the broad range of species on earth. this describes most creatures that move, breath oxygen, and reproduce sexually

Question 24

Kingdom fungi

Answer 24

describes fungi, which reproduce through spores, digest food outside of the body, and do not move or photosynthesize. visible portion is usually only the fruiting body that spreads spores.

Question 25

Kindom plantae

Answer 25

immobile, preform photosynthesis and are autotrophs. have cell walls and make heavy use of cellulose.