Bio Diversity of Living Things Flashcards
Classification hierarchy
Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species
Phylogeny
Method of charting the evolutionary history of a species. general depicted via phylogenetic trees
Endosymbiosis
one prokaryote engulfs another, leading to an eventual eukaryote
Eukaryote
Have a central nucleus and several membrane bound organelles. Evolved due to endosymbiosis
Binary Fission
more simple direct duplication of smaller organelles or bacteria
Bacteria Shapes
Coccus, Bacillius, Spirillium
Coccus Bacteria
round bacteria. can take any arrangement.
Bacillus Bacteria
roughly rod shaped bacteria. can form single/double/chain
Spirillum Bacteria
Spiral shaped. can only stand on their own.
Bacteria Arrangements
Single, Double, Strepto, Staphylo
Strepto Bacteria
Chain arrangement. Only coccus and bacillus can have this shapee
Macrophages/phagocytes
Cell that engulfs and destroys large pathogens
Leukocytes
Generic term for white blood cells. Produced in thymus gland, spleen, bone marrow, lymph nodes
Lymphocytes
Term to describe T and B cells
T Cells
Signalling Cells with a killer variant
B Cells
Produce special Y antibody proteins that allow antigens to be tagged for immune response
Lysogenic virus cycle
Passive passing on of viral genes in a cell while letting the host cell remain dormant until a trigger
Eukaryotic Vs Prokaryotic cells
Eukaryotes have a nuclear membrane, distinct organelles, and reproduce through mitosis. prokaryotes reproduce through binary fission.
Bacteria vs Archea
Archea have different cell membrane structures, can live in more extreme environments, and do not form endospores
Active Immunity
Creation of antibodies through vaccination or immune response
passive immunity
Natural transfer of antibodies
Kingdom protista
A eukaryotic organism that is not part of the animal, fungi or plant kingdoms. Can share characteristic of each kingodm though, and are broadly described by their similarity to one or the other.
Kingdom animalia
largest single kingdom, and encompasses the broad range of species on earth. this describes most creatures that move, breath oxygen, and reproduce sexually
Kingdom fungi
describes fungi, which reproduce through spores, digest food outside of the body, and do not move or photosynthesize. visible portion is usually only the fruiting body that spreads spores.
