plant cells

Question 1

what is cell wall made of

Answer 1

cellulose

Question 2

what is the cell wall made up of

Answer 2

middle lamella

Question 3

what is middle lamella made of

Answer 3

calcium pectate

Question 4

what does cell wall do

Answer 4

strengthen and supports the cell and prevent it change shaping

Question 5

what does middle lamella do

Answer 5

cuz the layer is adhesive, it sticks adjacent plant cells together

Question 6

plasmadesmata

Answer 6

allows transport between substance and communication of cells

Question 7

pits

Answer 7

allows transports of substances between cells

Question 8

chloroplast

Answer 8

where photosynthesis takes places

Question 9

amylose

Answer 9

storage of starch grains

Question 10

vacuole

Answer 10

contains cell sap

Question 11

tonoplast

Answer 11

controls what goes enters and leaves the vacuole

Question 12

function of xylem vessels

Answer 12

transport water and mineral ions up the plant, provide support

Question 13

structure of xylem

Answer 13

tube like struc formed from dead cells, joined end to end.
have a hollow lumen and no end walls
the walls are thickened with lignin which helps to support the plant

Question 14

does xylem require energy and why

Answer 14

no because xylem is a physical process

Question 15

how do water and mineral ions move into / out of the cell

Answer 15

through pits in the walls where there are is no lignin

Question 16

function of phloem

Answer 16

to transport organic solutes where they’re made in the plant to where they are needed also known as translocation

Question 17

struc of phloem

Answer 17

• arranged in tubes
• contains diff types of cells
• sieve tubes are joined end to end to form sieve tubes
  -sieve parts are the end walls, which has lots in them which allows them to transport solutes to pass through

Question 18

sieve tubes

Answer 18

• they are living cells
• has no nucleus - lack of nucleus means that they can not survive on there own, so they need companion cells for every sieve tube element
• very thin layer of cytoplasm

Question 19

companion cells

Answer 19

carry out the living function for themselves and for their sieve cells

Question 20

function of sclerenchyma

Answer 20

• provides support

Question 21

struc of sclerenchyma

Answer 21

• they are made up of bundles of dead cells
  have hollow lumen and have end walls
  cell wells are also thickened with lignin
  they have more cellulose than any other plant cells

Question 22

in a cross section of a plant cell

Answer 22

sclerenchyma is the outer layer
phloem is in between schlerenchyma and xylem
xylem is the most inwards