plant cell specialisation

Question 1

Name 3 examples of plant cells.

Answer 1

Root hair cells
xylem cells
phloem cells

Question 2

describe how root hair cells are specialised to carry out their function

Answer 2

-The roots are covered with hairs, the hairs increase surface area on the root to absorb water and dissolved minerals more effectively.

Question 3

what feature do root hair cells not contain and why?

Answer 3

They do not contain chloroplast because they are underground
(chlorophyll in chloroplasts require light and being underground means that they do not absorb light so they cant carry out photosynthesis)

Question 4

label the features of a root hair cell on a diagram

Answer 4

search up a diagram
you should have correctly labelled the
-cell wall
-cell membrane
-root hair
-cytoplasm
-nucleus
-vacuole

Question 5

what is the functions of a xylem vessel?

Answer 5

transports water in the plant

Question 6

where are xylem found? what do xylem form?

Answer 6

found in the plant stem

form long tubes

Question 7

what do the xylem tubes do?

Answer 7

they carry water and dissolves minerals from the roots of the plants to the leaves.

Question 8

which part of the xylem cells provides support to the plant

Answer 8

xylem cells have very thick walls containing a chemical called lignin, this provides support to the plant.

Question 9

name the features of xylem cells

Answer 9

thick walls containing lignin

long tubes carrying water and dissolved minerals

Question 10

name the features of xylem cells

Answer 10

-thick walls containing lignin
-long tubes carrying water and dissolved minerals
remains of end walls
-no nucleus, cytoplasm, chloroplasts or vacuole to make it easier for water and minerals to flow

Question 11

considering that the walls are sealed with lignin, what does this mean for the xylem?

Answer 11

the cell walls being sealed with lignin means that it causes the xylem cells to die

Question 12

when the end walls have broken down, what is formed?

Answer 12

when the end walls between the cells have completely broken down, this means that the cells now form a long tube so water and dissolved minerals can flow easily

Question 13

what feature of xylem cells make it easy for minerals and water to flow through?

Answer 13

no internal structures at all e.g no nucleus, cytoplasm, chloroplasts, vacuole

Question 14

what do phloem cells carry and in which direction?

Answer 14

phloem cells carry dissolved sugars up and down the plant

Question 15

what 2 different cells do phloem consist of?

Answer 15

phloem cell

companion cell

Question 16

key characteristics of phloem vessel cells

Answer 16

no nucleus and limited cytoplasm

end walls of the vessels have pores called sieve plates

Question 17

what is the function of a sieve plate

Answer 17

allow dissolved sugars to move through the cell interior/inside

Question 18

what are the pores called at the end walls of phloem vessel cells?

Answer 18

sieve plates

Question 19

pores connect what 2 cells?

Answer 19

each phloem cell has a companion cell connected by pores

Question 20

name the thing provided to the phloem vessel cell by the companion cell, what does this help do?

Answer 20

the mitochondria in the companion cell provides energy to the phloem vessel cell