placental pathological conditions

Question 1

possible placental pathologies

Answer 1

abnormal implantation site
neoplasis
bacterial infection

Question 2

neoplasia

Answer 2

choriocarcinoma

Question 3

gross placental anomalies

Answer 3

marginal insertion of cord
velamentous insertion of the cord
accessory lobe/bi lobed placenta

Question 4

velamentous insertion of cord

Answer 4

cord attached to the smooth membranes outside the boundaries of the placenta itself

Question 5

hydatidiform mole

Answer 5

noninvasive condition
nodular swelling of the chorionic villi
absent or nonviable embryo
paternally derived 46xx

Question 6

choriocarcinoma

Answer 6

malignant tumor derived from embryonic cytotrophoblast and syncytiotrophoblast
paternally derived chromosome and are thus products of parental imprinting

Question 7

biopsy of chorionic villi

Answer 7

during latter half of second embryonic month
performed under the assistance of ultra-sonography
analysis of possible chromosomal disorders of the diagnosis of certain metabolic disorder

Question 8

what can cause abnormal placental transfer?

Answer 8

fetal alcohol syndrome: placenta is highly permeable to alcohol
viral infection: rubella, cytomegalo virus, polio, varicella, variola, HIV and coxsackie viruses
spirochete: treponema pallidum, toxoplasma gondii

Question 9

cellular transfer and Rh incompatibility

Answer 9

fetal blood cells - through small defect in the placental vasculature or hemorrhage
Rh sensitization; first child is usually spared, erythroblastosis fetalis.

Question 10

hydramnios

Answer 10

too much amniotic fluid, caused by esophageal atresia or anencephaly

Question 11

oligohydramnios

Answer 11

less than 500 ml of AF. renal agenesis/ preterm rupture of AM