Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Endocrinology > Pituitary > Flashcards

Pituitary Flashcards

1
Q

What does trophic mean?

A

Stimulating another gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What does the anterior pituitary secrete?

A

TSH (thyroid stimulatin horome)
ACTH( Adrenocorticotropic hormone)
FSH (follicle stimulating hormone)
LH (Luteinizing hormone)

GH (human growth hormone)
Prolactin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does the posterior pituitary gland secrete?

A

ADH

Oxytocin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is Rathke’s pouch?

A

the anterior pituitary is derived from it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is diabetes inspidus ?

A

Lack of ADH secretion leading to life threatening deydration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How are pituitary adenomas classified?

A

By cell type/hormone produced

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the most commone functional piuitary adenoma?

A

Prolactinoma (30%)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the symptoms of prolactinomas

A

Infertility

lack of libido

amenorrhea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does a ACTH secreting functional pituitary adenoma cause?

A

cushing disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is a Craniopharyngioma?

A

Slow growing tumour of the remmants of Rathke’s pouch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the common pathologies of the adrenal gland?

A

Hypofunction or hyper function of the cortx or medulla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is addison’s disease?

A

Chronic hypofunction of the arenal cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is a cause of acute hypofunction of the adrenal medulla?

A

Waterhouse-Friderichsen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What can cause hyperfunction of the adrenal cortex?

A

Hyperplasia

Adenoma

Carcinoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What can cause acute primary adrenocortical insufficiencey?

A

rapid withdrawal of steroid treatment

massive adrenal haemorrhage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How dos Addison disease present?

A

Vague symptoms- weakness, nausea, vomiting , weight loss

Raised POMC ( pigmentation)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What cells are found in the medulla of the arenal gland

A

Neuroendocrine cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What does the medulla secrete?

A

catecholamine

19
Q

What is a phaeochromocytoma?

A

Neoplasm derived from chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla

20
Q

What problem can phaeochromocytoma cause?

A

Causes secondary hypertension by secreting cateholamines

21
Q

How can phaeochromocytoma be detected?

A

catecholamines detected in urine

22
Q

What does M.E.N stand for?

A

Multiple endcorine neoplasia

23
Q

What is found in MEN2A?

A

Phaeochromocytoma

Medullary thyroid carcinoma

Parathyroid hyperplasia

24
Q

What are the three zones of the adrenal gland?

A

Zona Glomerulosa

Zona Fasciculata

Zona Reticularis

25
Q

How do pituitory problems usually present?

A

Too much hormone

Too little hormone

Gland too big

26
Q

What is the principle behind dynamic testing in edndocrinology?

A

Too much hormone:- try suppression test

Too little hormone:- try stimulation test

27
Q

What is the difference between a macroadenoma and a microadenoma?

A

Macroadenoma > 1cm

Microadenoma < 1cm

28
Q

What visual field problem does optic chiasim compression cause?

A

Bitemporal hemiopia

29
Q

What are the physiological causes of raised prolactin?

A

Breast feeding

pregnancy

stress

sleep

30
Q

What are the pathological causes of raised prolactin?

A

Hypothyroidism

Stalk lesions (road accident)

Prolactinoma

31
Q

what is the clincial signs of raised prolactin in a female?

A

Galactorrhoea

mesntrual irregularity

ammenorrhoea

infertility

32
Q

What are the clincial signs of raised prolactin in a male ?

A

Impotence

Visual field abnormalities

Headache

anterior pituitory malfunction

33
Q

What investigations are apropriate in prolactinoma?

A

Prolactin concentration

MRI pituitary

Visual fields

34
Q

What medical treatment can be ued in prolactinoma?

A

Dopamine agonist

Cabergoline

2x per week

35
Q

What are the features of Acromegaly?

A

Giant

Hypertension

cardiac failure

colonic polyps and cancer

Local pituitary effects

36
Q

What test diagnosis acromegaly?

A

Glucose tolerance test

37
Q

How does the glucose tolerance test work?

A

Growth hormone normally supresses to >0.4micrograms pre litre

Acromegaly s confirmed in GH doest change or GH remains greater than 1 microrgram per litre

38
Q

How do you treat acromegaly?

A

Somatostatin then surgery

39
Q

What are the side affects of somatostatin analogues?

A

Gastritis

Gallstones

40
Q

What is cushing syndrome?

A

Excess cortisol

Excess Mieralocorticoid

Excess Androgen

41
Q

What is characterisitic of cushings?

A

Think skin

Proximal myopathy

Frontal balding in woman

Conjuctival oedema

Osteoporosis

42
Q

What test is approriate in cushing syndrome?

A

Too much cortisol so suppression test is appropriate

high dose of sterois should result in lowering of cortisol

43
Q

What is the diference between cushing disease and cushing syndrome?

A

Cushing disease arises from the pituitary

Cushing syndrome arises from everywhere else

44
Q
A

Endocrinology (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions