Hormones and Recpetors (JP)

Question 1

Do endocrine glands have ducts?

Answer 1

No

No they do not have ducts

they are ductless

Question 2

What are the seven classic endocrine glands?

Answer 2

1. Pituritary gland
2. Thyroid gland
3. Parathyroid glands
4. Adrenal gland
5. Pancreas
6. ovaries
7. testies

Question 3

What are the 4 chemical families of hormones?

Answer 3

Modified Amino Acids

Steroids

Peptides

Proteins

Question 4

Give two examples of hormones which are modified amino acids

Answer 4

1. Adrenaline
2. Thyroid Hormones

Question 5

Give two examples of hormones which are steroids

Answer 5

1. Cortisol
2. Testosterone

Question 6

Give two examples of hormones which are peptides

Answer 6

Antidiuretic Hormone

Oxytocin

Question 7

Give an example of a hormone which is a protein

Answer 7

Insulin

Question 8

What is Autocrine signalling?

Answer 8

Question 9

What is paracrine signaling

Answer 9

Question 10

What is endocrine signalling?

Answer 10

Question 11

How is endocrine action terminated?

Answer 11

action is terminated by enzyme-mediated metabolic inactivation in the liver or at sites of action

Question 12

Which of these three families of hormones are produced before hand and are stored within vesicles?

Amines

Steroids

Peptides and Protiens

Answer 12

Amines, peptides and protiens are stored in vesicles

Steroids must be produced upon demand

Question 13

Which hormones are relatively insoluble?

Answer 13

Steroids

some modified amino acids :- Thyroid Hormones

Question 14

How do insoluable hormones get around their problem ?

Answer 14

They use carrier proteins

Question 15

what are the 3 functions of carrier proteins?

Answer 15

1. Increase amount of hormone transported in the blood
2. Provide a reservoir for the hormone ( In equilibirum with free hormone)
3. Extended the half life of the hormone

Question 16

What is the full name of the carrier protein CBG?

Answer 16

Cortisol-binding globulin

Question 17

What is the full name of the carrier protein TBG?

Answer 17

Thyroxine-binding globulin

Question 18

What is the full name of the carrier protein SSBG?

Answer 18

Sex steroid binding globulin

Question 19

What does the carrier protein SSBG carry?

Answer 19

Testosterone and Oestradiol

Question 20

Why do proteins and peptides not require carrier proteins?

Answer 20

They are soluble in plasma

Question 21

What are the three types of hormone receptors?

Answer 21

G-protein coupled receptors

Receptor Kinases

Nuclear receptors (3 sub classes)

Question 22

What activates G-protein coupled receptors?

Answer 22

Mostly amines

Some Proteins/peptides

Question 23

What type of hormone typically activates Receptor Kinases?

Answer 23

Some proteins/peptides

Question 24

What are the three classes of nuclear receptors?

Answer 24

Class 1

Class 2

Hybrid class

Question 25

What are Class 1 nuclear receptors activated by?

Answer 25

Steroid hormones

Question 26

Where do you find Class 1 nuclear receptors?

Answer 26

Locatedin the cytoplasm bound to inhibitory heat shock proteins

They move to the nucleus when activated

Question 27

What activates class 2 nuclear receptors?

Answer 27

mostly lipids

Question 28

Where do you find class 2 nuclear receptors?

Answer 28

Nucleus

Question 29

What activates the hybrid class nuclear receptors?

Answer 29

thyroid hormone T3

Question 30

Where do you find G-protein coupled receptors (GPCR) and Receptor Kinases?

Answer 30

On the cell surface